García-Sancho Ma Cecilia, García-García Lourdes, Báez-Saldaña Renata, Ponce-De-León Alfredo, Sifuentes-Osornio José, Bobadilla-Del-valle Miriam, Ferreyra-Reyes Leticia, Cano-Arellano Bulmaro, Canizales-Quintero Sergio, Palacios-Merino Luz del Carmen, Juárez-Sandino Luis, Ferreira-Guerrero Elizabeth, Cruz-Hervert Luis Pablo, Small Peter M, Pérez-Padilla José Rogelio
Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias "Ismael Cosío Villegas".
Rev Invest Clin. 2009 Sep-Oct;61(5):392-8.
Indoor air pollution produced by biomass cooking fuels in developing countries has been associated with acute and chronic lower respiratory diseases, but has not been identified as an occupational exposure among women.
To examine the relationship between the use of biomass cooking fuels (mainly wood) and tuberculosis (TB) among women living in rural areas in Southern Mexico.
We conducted a population based case-control study in the health jurisdiction of Orizaba, Mexico. Cases were all incident female pulmonary TB patients, with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum, living in communities with fewer than 15,000 inhabitants, diagnosed between March 1995 and April 2003. Woodsmoke exposure was assessed by applying a standardized questionnaire (ATS-DLD-78 questionnaire). Controls were randomly selected from sex-matched neighbors. Appropriate IRB approval was obtained.
42 TB cases and 84 community controls were recruited. Multivariate assessment showed that more than 20 years of exposure to smoke from biomass fuels was three times more frequent among cases than among controls [Odds ratio (OR): 3.3, 95% confidence interval (CI):1.06-10.30, p = 0.03], after controlling for age, body mass, household crowding, years of formal education and tobacco use.
We found a strong association between the use of biomass cooking fuels and tuberculosis among women in a community-based, case-control study. Results of this study are intended to provide evidence to policy makers, community leaders and the general public on the importance of implementing gender oriented interventions that decrease the use of biomass fuels in poor communities in developing countries.
发展中国家生物质烹饪燃料产生的室内空气污染与急慢性下呼吸道疾病有关，但尚未被认定为女性的职业暴露。
研究墨西哥南部农村地区女性使用生物质烹饪燃料（主要是木材）与结核病（TB）之间的关系。
在墨西哥奥里萨巴市卫生辖区开展了一项基于人群的病例对照研究。病例为1995年3月至2003年4月期间居住在居民人数少于15000人的社区、痰中检出结核分枝杆菌的所有新发女性肺结核患者。通过应用标准化问卷（ATS-DLD-78问卷）评估木材烟雾暴露情况。对照从性别匹配的邻居中随机选取。获得了伦理审查委员会的适当批准。
招募了42例结核病患者和84名社区对照。多变量评估显示，在控制了年龄、体重、家庭拥挤程度、正规教育年限和烟草使用情况后，病例组中暴露于生物质燃料烟雾超过20年的频率是对照组的三倍[比值比（OR）：3.3，95%置信区间（CI）：1.06 - 10.30，p = 0.03]。
在一项基于社区的病例对照研究中，我们发现女性使用生物质烹饪燃料与结核病之间存在密切关联。本研究结果旨在为政策制定者、社区领袖和公众提供证据，证明实施以性别为导向的干预措施以减少发展中国家贫困社区生物质燃料使用的重要性。
