Department of Clinical Child and Adolescent Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2010 Jul;52(7):620-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03639.x. Epub 2010 Feb 24.
To examine social information processing in children and adolescents with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).
Thirty-two children with NF1 (12 males, 20 females; mean age 12y 4mo, SD 4y) and 32 comparison children (12 males, 20 females; mean age 13y 1mo, SD 3y 11mo) completed face recognition, identification of facial emotions (IFE), and matching facial emotions (MFE) tasks. A series of general linear model analyses of variance were used to compare performance between children with NF1 and comparison children.
Children with NF1 performed less accurately than comparison children in the face recognition task when faces were presented 'in profile' (p=0.05), when fearful expressions had to be identified in IFE (p=0.017), and across conditions in MFE (p=0.009). When quality of cognitive control (i.e. mean standardized scores on tasks measuring working memory and inhibitory control) was introduced to the analyses, differences in face recognition were no longer significant and differences in MFE were largely reduced (p=0.048). Differences in IFE between the comparison group and children with NF1 remained largely intact (fear: p=0.047).
Children with NF1 have problems in social information processing, which, in part, appear to be caused by cognitive control deficits. Some of the deficits, however, appear to be caused by deficient bottom-up processing of social signals (e.g. fear recognition).
研究神经纤维瘤病 1 型（NF1）患儿的社会信息处理。
32 名 NF1 患儿（男 12 名，女 20 名；平均年龄 12 岁 4 个月，标准差 4 岁）和 32 名对照儿童（男 12 名，女 20 名；平均年龄 13 岁 1 个月，标准差 3 岁 11 个月）完成了面孔识别、面部表情识别（IFE）和匹配面部表情（MFE）任务。采用一系列一般线性模型方差分析比较 NF1 患儿与对照儿童的表现。
当面孔呈“侧视”时（p=0.05），当必须在 IFE 中识别恐惧表情时（p=0.017），以及在 MFE 的所有条件下（p=0.009），NF1 患儿的表现明显不如对照儿童准确。当将认知控制质量（即测量工作记忆和抑制控制的任务的平均标准化分数）引入分析时，面孔识别的差异不再显著，MFE 的差异也大大减少（p=0.048）。IFE 中对照组与 NF1 患儿之间的差异基本保持不变（恐惧：p=0.047）。
NF1 患儿存在社会信息处理问题，部分原因是认知控制缺陷。然而，一些缺陷似乎是由社会信号的下传处理缺陷引起的（例如恐惧识别）。
