Marine Microbial Ecology Group, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 7093, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche, Station Zoologique, BP 28, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France.
Protist. 2010 Jul;161(3):466-78. doi: 10.1016/j.protis.2009.12.005. Epub 2010 Feb 25.
The order Noctilucales or class Noctiluciphyceae encompasses three families of aberrant dinoflagellates (Noctilucaceae, Leptodiscaceae and Kofoidiniaceae) that, at least in some life stages, lack typical dinoflagellate characters such as the ribbon-like transversal flagellum or condensed chromosomes. Noctiluca scintillans, the first dinoflagellate to be described, has been intensively investigated. However, its phylogenetic position based on the small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequence is unstable and controversial. Noctiluca has been placed either as an early diverging lineage that diverged after Oxyrrhis and before the dinokaryotes -core dinoflagellates- or as a recent lineage branching from unarmoured dino fl agellates in the order Gymnodiniales. So far, the lack of other noctilucoid sequences has hampered the elucidation of their phylogenetic relationships to other dino fl agellates. Furthermore, even the monophyly of the noctilucoids remained uncertain. We have determined SSU rRNA gene sequences for Kofoidiniaceae, those of the type Spatulodinium (=Gymnodinium) pseudonoctiluca and another Spatulodinium species, as well as of two species of Kofoidinium, and the first gene sequence of Leptodiscaceae, that of Abedinium (=Leptophyllus) dasypus. These taxa were collected from their type localities, the English Channel and the NW Mediterranean Sea, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses place the Noctilucales as a monophyletic group at a basal position close to parasites of the Marine Alveolate Group I (MAGI) and the Syndiniales (MAGII), before the core of dinokaryotic dinoflagellates, although with moderate support.
夜光藻目或夜光藻纲包括三个异常沟鞭藻类（夜光藻科、Leptodiscaceae 和 Kofoidiniaceae）家族，这些家族至少在某些生命阶段缺乏典型沟鞭藻的特征，如带状横向鞭毛或浓缩染色体。第一个被描述的沟鞭藻夜光藻受到了广泛的研究。然而，基于小亚基核糖体 DNA（SSU rDNA）序列的系统发育位置不稳定且存在争议。夜光藻要么被认为是一个早期分化的谱系，在 Oxyrrhis 之后和核质共生沟鞭藻（核心沟鞭藻）之前分化；要么被认为是一个最近的谱系，从 Gymnodiniales 目中的无装甲沟鞭藻分支而来。到目前为止，缺乏其他夜光藻的序列阻碍了它们与其他沟鞭藻的系统发育关系的阐明。此外，即使是夜光藻的单系性也仍然不确定。我们确定了 Kofoidiniaceae 的 SSU rRNA 基因序列，包括 Spatulodinium（=Gymnodinium）pseudonoctiluca 和另一种 Spatulodinium 物种，以及两种 Kofoidinium 物种，以及 Leptodiscaceae 的第一个基因序列，Abedinium（=Leptophyllus）dasypus。这些分类群分别从其模式产地，英吉利海峡和西北地中海采集。系统发育分析将夜光藻目作为一个单系群置于靠近 Marine Alveolate Group I（MAGI）和 Syndiniales（MAGII）寄生虫的基部位置，在核心的有核甲藻沟鞭藻之前，尽管支持度适中。
