State Key Laboratory for Marine Environmental Science, College of Oceanography and Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Mar 24;58(6):3517-23. doi: 10.1021/jf100227n.
In current human health risk assessment, the maximum acceptable concentrations of contaminants in food are mostly based on the total concentrations. However, the total concentration of contaminants may not always reflect the available amount. Bioaccessibility determination is thus required to improve the risk assessment of contaminants. This study used an in vitro digestion model to assess the bioaccessibility of several trace elements (As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Se, and Zn) in the muscles of two farmed marine fish species (seabass Lateolabrax japonicus and red seabream Pagrosomus major ) of different body sizes. The total concentrations and subcellular distributions of these trace elements in fish muscles were also determined. Bioaccessibility of these trace elements was generally high (>45%), and the lowest bioaccessibility was observed for Fe. Cooking processes, including boiling, steaming, frying, and grilling, generally decreased the bioaccessibility of these trace elements, especially for Cu and Zn. The influences of frying and grilling were greater than those of boiling and steaming. The relationship of bioaccessibility and total concentration varied with the elements. A positive correlation was found for As and Cu and a negative correlation for Fe, whereas no correlation was found for Cd, Se, and Zn. A significant positive relationship was demonstrated between the bioaccessibility and the elemental partitioning in the heat stable protein fraction and in the trophically available fraction, and a negative correlation was observed between the bioaccessibility and the elemental partitioning in metal-rich granule fraction. Subcellular distribution may thus affect the bioaccessibility of metals and should be considered in the risk assessment for seafood safety.
在当前的人类健康风险评估中，食品中污染物的最大可接受浓度大多基于污染物的总量浓度。然而，污染物的总量浓度并不总是反映其可利用量。因此，需要进行生物可给性测定以改进污染物的风险评估。本研究使用体外消化模型评估了两种不同体型养殖海水鱼（鲈鱼和真鲷）肌肉中几种痕量元素（砷、镉、铜、铁、硒和锌）的生物可给性。还测定了这些痕量元素在鱼肌肉中的总浓度和亚细胞分布。这些痕量元素的生物可给性通常较高（>45%），铁的生物可给性最低。烹饪过程，包括煮沸、蒸煮、煎和烤，通常会降低这些痕量元素的生物可给性，尤其是铜和锌。煎和烤的影响大于煮和蒸。生物可给性与总浓度的关系因元素而异。砷和铜呈正相关，铁呈负相关，而镉、硒和锌则无相关性。生物可给性与热稳定蛋白和营养可利用部分的元素分配呈显著正相关，与富含金属颗粒部分的元素分配呈负相关。因此，亚细胞分布可能会影响金属的生物可给性，在海产品安全性的风险评估中应予以考虑。
