Association of intravesical tumor location with metastases to the pelvic lymph nodes in transitional cell cancer of the bladder.

INTRODUCTION

In this study, we aimed to determine those clinical and pathologic features that are associated with pelvic lymph node metastasis in patients with transitional cell cancer of the bladder. Unlike previous studies, we particularly focused on intravesical tumor location.

METHODS

We included 173 patients who underwent radical cystectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy for muscle-invasive or high-risk superficial bladder cancer. Fifty patients (28.9%) presented with lymph node metastases. Tumor-related and personal characteristics were analyzed.

RESULTS

Lymph node positive disease occurred in association with an increasing pathologic tumor stage (P < 10(-6)) and with a decreasing differentiation status (P = 0.008). The rate of pelvic lymph node metastasis differed in primary tumors growing on different intravesical locations. Cancers located exclusively on the lateral bladder walls (P < 10(-5)) and tumors involving the lateral walls (P = 0.042) were highly correlated with lymph node positive disease. Posterior wall tumors were least associated with lymph node metastases compared with other tumor locations (P = 0.015). Focal tumor growths located on the lateral bladder wall and an increasing pathologic tumor stage and decreasing differentiation-status were identified as independent risk factors for the pelvic lymph node status.

CONCLUSIONS

For the first time we present the association of intravesical tumor location and the rate of lymph node metastasis in transitional cell cancer of the bladder. Our findings may ultimately contribute to a more individualized patient management.