Aymes Jean-Christophe, Larrieu Maider, Tentelier Cédric, Labonne Jacques
INRA, UMR Ecobiop, Quartier Ibarron, 64310, Saint Pée sur Nivelle, France.
Naturwissenschaften. 2010 Apr;97(4):435-9. doi: 10.1007/s00114-010-0656-0. Epub 2010 Mar 2.
Egg cannibalism is a common behavior among fish taxa and is largely studied in species with parental care. Heterocannibalism and filial cannibalism have both been reported in salmonids, a group with no extended parental care, but the topic remained somewhat under-documented, especially in brown trout (Salmo trutta). In the present study, 83 spawning events were recorded finely with high-resolution video in three natural populations. Redd covering dynamics by females and the timing of cannibalism showed that eggs were vulnerable mainly during the first 120 s after spawning. Cannibalism occurred in 25% of spawnings and was principally perpetrated by peripherals but the sires also cannibalized their brood, especially after multiple mating. The probability of cannibalism increased with operational sex ratio but did not correlate with the date in spawning season. Occurrence of cannibalism also differed between populations. Our results suggest that such behavior is frequent and may reduce the fitness of parents. Its evolutionary implications for population ecology should be considered, since it appeared to be controlled by environmental and spatial factors.
卵食同类行为在鱼类分类群中很常见，并且主要是在有亲代抚育的物种中进行研究。在鲑科鱼类中已报道了异体相食和子代相食现象，鲑科鱼类没有长期的亲代抚育，但这一主题的文献记录仍有些不足，尤其是在褐鳟（Salmo trutta）方面。在本研究中，通过高分辨率视频对三个自然种群中的83次产卵事件进行了精细记录。雌鱼覆盖巢穴的动态过程以及同类相食的时间表明，卵在产卵后的最初120秒内主要处于易受攻击状态。同类相食发生在25%的产卵过程中，主要由周边的鱼实施，但雄鱼也会吞食自己的后代，尤其是在多次交配之后。同类相食的概率随两性 operational sex ratio 增加，但与产卵季节的日期无关。不同种群之间同类相食的发生率也有所不同。我们的结果表明，这种行为很常见，可能会降低亲代的适合度。由于它似乎受环境和空间因素控制，因此应考虑其对种群生态学的进化影响。
