Johnson Sheri L, Carver Charles S
Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124-2070, USA.
Cognit Ther Res. 2006;30(3):377-395. doi: 10.1007/s10608-006-9044-7.
During euthymia people with bipolar disorder and their unaffected family members accomplish more than the general population. People with bipolar disorder, or those who are at risk for it, also set higher goals in laboratory tasks than other people. The work reported here examines whether persons vulnerable to mania set elevated goals in their lives. In two studies, a measure of lifetime vulnerability to mania was related to traits bearing on incentive sensitivity, and also to endorsement of high ambitions for fame, wealth, and political influence (assessed by a new measure). Relations were weaker to ambitions for other kinds of extreme goals. The effects were independent of current symptoms of mania and depression and lifetime depression. There was also evidence that incentive sensitivity and elevated aspirations made independent contributions to variance in the measure of manic risk. Discussion focuses on the implications of high goal setting for understanding goal dysregulation and mania.
在心境正常期间，双相情感障碍患者及其未患病的家庭成员比一般人群取得的成就更多。双相情感障碍患者或有患该障碍风险的人在实验室任务中也比其他人设定更高的目标。本文所报告的研究探讨了易患躁狂症的人在生活中是否设定了过高的目标。在两项研究中，一项衡量一生患躁狂症易感性的指标与影响动机敏感性的特质有关，也与对名声、财富和政治影响力的高远抱负的认同（通过一项新指标评估）有关。与对其他类型极端目标的抱负的关系较弱。这些影响独立于当前的躁狂和抑郁症状以及一生的抑郁情况。也有证据表明，动机敏感性和高远抱负对躁狂风险指标的方差有独立贡献。讨论集中在设定高目标对理解目标失调和躁狂症的意义上。
