Department of Genetics, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa;
Persoonia. 2009 Jun;22:75-82. doi: 10.3767/003158509X439076. Epub 2009 Apr 1.
Styrax benzoin trees, native to the island Sumatra, Indonesia are wounded to produce resin that is collected and burned as incense. These wounds on trees commonly develop into expanding cankers that lead to tree death. The aim of this study was to consider whether Ophiostomatoid fungi, typically associated with wounds on trees might be associated with resin harvesting on S. benzoin. Samples were collected from the edges of artificially induced wounds, and particularly where cankers and staining of the vascular tissue was evident. Tissue samples were incubated in moist chambers and carrot baiting was also used to detect the presence of Ceratocystis spp. Fruiting structures with morphology typical of species in the C. fimbriata s.l. species complex and species in the anamorph genus Thielaviopsis were found, on both the incubated wood and the carrot baits. DNA sequences were generated for the Internal Transcribed Spacer regions 1 and 2 including the 5.8S rRNA gene, part of the beta-tubulin and the Transcription Elongation Factor 1-alpha gene regions. These data were compared with those of other species in the C. fimbriata s.l. species complex and Thielaviopsis using phylogenetic analysis. Morphology of the isolates in culture as well as phylogenetic inference showed that the Thielaviopsis sp. present on the wounds was T. basicola. The Ceratocystis sp. from S. benzoin represents a new taxon in the C. fimbriata s.l. complex described here as C. larium sp. nov.
印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛原产的安息香树，其树干受伤后会分泌出树脂，这种树脂被收集并燃烧作为香薰。这些树木上的伤口通常会发展成扩大的溃疡，导致树木死亡。本研究旨在探讨是否与树木伤口有关的 Ophiostomatoid 真菌可能与安息香树脂的采集有关。从人工诱导的伤口边缘采集样本，特别是在溃疡和维管束组织染色明显的地方。组织样本在潮湿室中培养，并用胡萝卜诱饵检测是否存在 Ceratocystis spp。在培养木材和胡萝卜诱饵上都发现了具有 C. fimbriata s.l.种复合体和无性态属 Thielaviopsis 中典型形态的产孢结构。从 ITS1 和 ITS2 区（包括 5.8S rRNA 基因）、β-微管蛋白部分和转录延伸因子 1-α 基因区生成了 DNA 序列。使用系统发育分析将这些数据与 C. fimbriata s.l.种复合体和 Thielaviopsis 中的其他种进行比较。培养物中分离物的形态和系统发育推断表明，伤口上的 Thielaviopsis sp.为 T. basicola。从安息香中分离出的 Ceratocystis sp.是 C. larium sp. nov.，属于 C. fimbriata s.l.复合体中的一个新分类群。
