X- and H-shape two dimensional conjugated oligomers with anthracene as the node.

X- and H-shape two-dimensional (2D) conjugated oligomers (X- and H-mers) and relevant model compounds have been synthesized through the introduction of different conjugated segments at the 9,10 and 2,6-positions of anthracene, and their properties were studied in detail. Comparing with the model compounds, the X- and H-mers are featured with broader absorption spectra and narrower energy bandgaps. Computational studies on the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) also indicate that these X- and H-mers are 2D conjugated. Solution processed bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells with [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) as the acceptor material exhibited the power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 0.53 %.