Berlucchi Marco, Sessa Michele
Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
Rev Recent Clin Trials. 2010 May;5(2):123-7. doi: 10.2174/157488710791233590.
Adenoidal hypertrophy is probably the most frequent pathology in the pediatric population. This disorder manifests with several symptoms such as bilateral nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, cough, snoring, hyponasal speech, hypopnea, and sleep apnea. When tonsillar hypertrophy is also present, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome can manifest. To date, nasal endoscopic examination is the standard technique to diagnose and estimate adenoid mass. Adenoidectomy is considered the surgical treatment of choice to resolve nasopharyngeal obstruction due to adenoidal hypertrophy. At present, several pitfalls of adenotomy (i.e., alteration of the immunological system, postoperative bleeding, and recurrence of adenoids) are object of criticism. For this reason, some researchers have tested the efficacy of topical nasal steroids in decreasing the severity of nasal symptoms and adenoidal mass. Herein, we review the literature on conservative treatments including also our personal experience.
腺样体肥大可能是儿科人群中最常见的病理状况。这种病症表现为多种症状，如双侧鼻塞、流涕、咳嗽、打鼾、鼻音过重、呼吸浅促和睡眠呼吸暂停。当同时存在扁桃体肥大时，可出现阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合征。迄今为止，鼻内镜检查是诊断和评估腺样体大小的标准技术。腺样体切除术被认为是解决腺样体肥大所致鼻咽部阻塞的首选外科治疗方法。目前，腺样体切除术存在的一些缺陷（即免疫系统改变、术后出血和腺样体复发）受到了批评。因此，一些研究人员测试了局部鼻用类固醇在减轻鼻部症状严重程度和减小腺样体大小方面的疗效。在此，我们回顾关于保守治疗的文献，包括我们的个人经验。
