[Tropical eosinophilia as an imported disease in The Netherlands].

Tropical eosinophilia was diagnosed in two patients from India. This appears to be the first report on this exotic condition in the Netherlands. Tropical eosinophilia is characterised by hypereosinophilia, asthma-like attacks of wheezing and non-productive cough, non-specific findings on the chest X-ray in combination with general malaise, subfebrile temperatures, weight loss and lymphadenopathy. Although the syndrome is caused by an infection with Filaria, classical symptoms of filarial infection are characteristically absent. The main diagnostic criteria are hypereosinophilia and asthma-like attacks in subjects from regions where Filaria is endemic, high IgE titers, high antifilarial antibody titers and cure following one or more treatment courses with diethylcarbamazine. These case reports illustrate the importance of the assessment of the number of eosinophil cells in the peripheral blood in the diagnosis of tropical disease.