Ojo Kayode K, Sapkota Amy R, Ojo Tokunbo B, Pottinger Paul S
Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.
GMS Krankenhhyg Interdiszip. 2008 Sep 3;3(3):Doc26.
The appearance of resistance to many first-line antimicrobial agents presents a critical challenge to the successful treatment of bacterial infections. Antimicrobial resistant bacteria and resistance genes are globally distributed, but significant variations in prevalence have been observed in different geographical regions. This article discusses possible relationships between socioeconomic and sociocultural factors and regional differences in the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their associated resistance genes. Findings indicate that the few studies that have been conducted to understand relationships between socioeconomic and sociocultural factors and antimicrobial resistance have focused on patterns of phenotypic antibiotic resistance. Yet, a critical need exists for molecular studies of human influences on bacterial resistance and adaptation. We propose that the results of these studies, coupled with well-coordinated culturally appropriate interventions that address specific socioeconomic and sociocultural needs may be necessary to reduce the scourge of antimicrobial resistance in both developing and developed countries.
对许多一线抗菌药物产生耐药性，这给细菌感染的成功治疗带来了严峻挑战。抗菌耐药细菌和耐药基因在全球范围内广泛分布，但不同地理区域的流行率存在显著差异。本文讨论了社会经济和社会文化因素与抗生素耐药细菌及其相关耐药基因流行率的区域差异之间可能存在的关系。研究结果表明，为了解社会经济和社会文化因素与抗菌药物耐药性之间的关系而开展的少数研究，主要集中在表型抗生素耐药模式上。然而，对于人类对细菌耐药性和适应性影响的分子研究至关重要。我们认为，这些研究的结果，再加上针对特定社会经济和社会文化需求的协调良好且符合文化背景的干预措施，对于减少发展中国家和发达国家的抗菌药物耐药性祸害可能是必要的。
