Kopec Michael T, Randel Jaclyn, Naz Batool, Bartoces Monina, Monsur Joseph, Neale Anne Victoria, Schwartz Kendra L
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 101 E. Alexandrine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Fam Med. 2010 Mar;42(3):193-201.
The study objective was to understand the relationship between depressive symptoms and demographic, behavioral, and environmental risk variables among adolescents attending school-based health centers (SBHCs) using the Guidelines for Adolescent Preventive Services (GAPS) questionnaires.
Using GAPS questionnaires, we conducted a retrospective medical record review of 672 adolescents attending two Detroit-area school-based health clinics. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to determine which factors were associated with depressive symptoms while adjusting for other relevant factors.
Overall, 26.5% of adolescents reported depressive symptoms. Bivariate analysis revealed associations between depressive symptoms and female gender, older age, disordered eating, lack of physical activity, sexual activity, poor school performance, substance use of all types, violence, law trouble, and an abuse history. Multivariate regression models revealed that female gender, sexual activity, weapon carrying, law trouble, poor physical activity, and a history of abuse were most strongly related to self-reported depressive symptoms. Substance use was not a significant factor after controlling for potential confounders.
Targeting the above factors during routine adolescent examinations may help providers at SBHCs and other clinics identify those at highest risk for depression and provide appropriate interventions.
本研究的目的是利用青少年预防服务指南（GAPS）问卷，了解在学校健康中心（SBHCs）就诊的青少年中，抑郁症状与人口统计学、行为和环境风险变量之间的关系。
我们使用GAPS问卷，对底特律地区两家学校健康诊所的672名青少年进行了回顾性病历审查。进行了双变量和多变量分析，以确定在调整其他相关因素的情况下，哪些因素与抑郁症状相关。
总体而言，26.5%的青少年报告有抑郁症状。双变量分析显示，抑郁症状与女性性别、年龄较大、饮食失调、缺乏体育活动、性活动、学业成绩差、各类物质使用、暴力、法律问题和虐待史之间存在关联。多变量回归模型显示，女性性别（女性更容易出现抑郁症状）、性活动、携带武器、法律问题、体育活动不足和虐待史与自我报告的抑郁症状关系最为密切。在控制了潜在的混杂因素后，物质使用不是一个显著因素。
在青少年常规检查中针对上述因素，可能有助于学校健康中心和其他诊所的医护人员识别出抑郁症风险最高的青少年，并提供适当的干预措施。
