Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Chronobiol Int. 2010 Jan;27(1):19-33. doi: 10.3109/07420520903398633.
Circadian rhythms are controlled by interlocked autoregulatory feedback loops consisting of interactions of a group of circadian clock genes and their proteins. The Period family is a group of genes that are essential components of the molecular clock. In the present study, we cloned a period gene (per1) of the European sea bass, a marine teleost of chronobiological interest. The cloned sequence encoded a protein consisting of 1436 amino acids that homology and phylogenic analyses showed to be related with fish PER1 proteins possessing very high identity with Oryzias latipes (Medaka) per1. Polymerase chain reaction screening of per1 expression showed that this gene is expressed in all the tissues analyzed (brain, heart, liver, gill, muscle, digestive tract, adipose tissue, spleen, and retina). In addition, a daily expression rhythm, with an acrophase (peak time) approximately ZT0 (lights-on), was found in the two tissue types investigated: neural (brain) and peripheral (liver and heart). In conclusion, identification and characterization of the gene encoding sea bass per1 provide valuable information for understanding the circadian mechanism at the molecular level in this species, although further research is needed to clarify the exact role that per1 plays in the circadian oscillator and the dual behavior of European sea bass.
昼夜节律受互锁的自动调节反馈环控制，该反馈环由一组生物钟基因及其蛋白的相互作用组成。Period 家族是生物钟的重要组成部分。本研究克隆了欧洲鲈鱼的一个周期基因（per1），欧洲鲈鱼是一种具有生物钟生物学意义的海洋硬骨鱼。克隆序列编码的蛋白由 1436 个氨基酸组成，同源性和系统发育分析表明与鱼类 PER1 蛋白相关，与 Oryzias latipes（Medaka）per1 具有非常高的同一性。PER1 表达的聚合酶链反应筛选表明，该基因在分析的所有组织（脑、心、肝、鳃、肌肉、消化道、脂肪组织、脾和视网膜）中均有表达。此外，在两种组织类型（神经组织（脑）和外周组织（肝和心））中发现了具有近似 ZT0（光照开始）峰时间的每日表达节律。总之，鲈鱼 per1 基因的鉴定和特征分析为在该物种中从分子水平理解昼夜节律机制提供了有价值的信息，尽管需要进一步研究来阐明 per1 在昼夜振荡器和欧洲鲈鱼的双重行为中的确切作用。
