Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Disabil Rehabil. 2010;32(8):639-45. doi: 10.3109/09638280903254547.
To explore the association of features of a person's neighborhood environment with disability in daily activities.
We recruited 436 people aged 65 years and over (mean 70.4 years (SD = 3.9)) with functional limitations from the Multicenter Osteoarthritis Study (MOST). Features of the neighborhood environment were assessed using the Home and Community Environment (HACE) survey. The Late-Life Disability Instrument (LLDI) was used to assess disability in daily activities. We used logistic regression to examine the association of individual environmental features with disability. RESULTS. Older adults whose neighborhoods did not have parks and walking areas less frequently engaged in a regular fitness program (OR = 0.4, 95% CI (0.2, 0.7)), and in social activities (OR = 0.5, 95% CI (0.3, 1.0)). Those whose neighborhoods had adequate handicap parking had 1.5-1.8 higher odds of engagement in several social and work role activities. The presence of public transportation was associated with 1.5-2.9 higher odds of not feeling limited in social, leisure, and work role activities, and instrumental activities of daily living.
Our exploratory study suggests that parks and walking areas, adequate handicap parking, and public transportation are associated with disability in older adults.
探讨个体居住环境特征与日常活动功能障碍的相关性。
我们从多中心骨关节炎研究（MOST）中招募了 436 名年龄在 65 岁及以上（平均年龄 70.4 岁（标准差=3.9））、存在功能障碍的老年人。使用家庭和社区环境（HACE）调查问卷评估居住环境特征。采用晚期生活功能障碍量表（LLDI）评估日常活动中的功能障碍。采用 logistic 回归分析个体环境特征与功能障碍的相关性。
与居住在有公园和步行区的老年人相比，居住在缺乏这些设施的老年人较少参加定期健身活动（OR=0.4，95%CI（0.2，0.7））和社交活动（OR=0.5，95%CI（0.3，1.0））。居住在有足够残障停车位的老年人，参加多种社交和工作角色活动的可能性高出 1.5-1.8 倍。公共交通的存在与不感到在社交、休闲和工作角色活动以及日常生活活动受限的可能性高出 1.5-2.9 倍相关。
我们的探索性研究表明，公园和步行区、足够的残障停车位和公共交通与老年人的功能障碍相关。
