Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2010 Apr-Jun;82(4-6):243-50. doi: 10.1016/j.plefa.2010.02.005. Epub 2010 Mar 5.
Accumulation of lipid droplets (also known as lipid bodies or adiposomes) within leukocytes, epithelial cells, hepatocytes and other non-adipocytic cells is a frequently observed phenotype in infectious, neoplastic and other inflammatory conditions. Lipid droplet biogenesis is a regulated cellular process that culminates in the compartmentalization of lipids and of an array of enzymes, protein kinases and other proteins, suggesting that lipid droplets are inducible organelles with roles in cell signaling, regulation of lipid metabolism, membrane trafficking and control of the synthesis and secretion of inflammatory mediators. Enzymes involved in eicosanoid synthesis are localized at lipid droplets and lipid droplets are sites for eicosanoid generation in cells during inflammation and cancer. In this review, we discuss the current evidence related to the biogenesis and function of lipid droplets in cell metabolism and signaling in inflammation and cancer. Moreover, the potential of lipid droplets as markers of disease and targets for novel anti-inflammatory and antineoplastic therapies will be discussed.
脂质滴（也称为脂滴体或脂小体）在白细胞、上皮细胞、肝细胞和其他非脂肪细胞中的积累，是感染、肿瘤和其他炎症情况下常见的表型。脂质滴的生物发生是一个受调控的细胞过程，最终导致脂质和一系列酶、蛋白激酶和其他蛋白质的区室化，这表明脂质滴是具有诱导作用的细胞器，在细胞信号转导、脂质代谢调节、膜运输以及炎症介质的合成和分泌控制中发挥作用。参与类二十烷酸合成的酶定位于脂质滴上，并且在炎症和癌症期间，脂质滴是细胞中类二十烷酸生成的部位。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了与脂质滴在炎症和癌症中的细胞代谢和信号转导中的生物发生和功能相关的现有证据。此外，还将讨论脂质滴作为疾病标志物和新型抗炎和抗肿瘤治疗靶点的潜力。
