Evaluation of risk factors for morbidity and mortality after pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy in dogs.

OBJECTIVES

To (1) identify and describe the type and frequency of postoperative complications after pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy in dogs and (2) identify preoperative and intraoperative risk factors, including the presence of neoplasia, prognostic for patient mortality after surgery.

STUDY DESIGN

Case series.

ANIMALS

Dogs (n=24) treated by pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy.

METHODS

Medical records (2000-2007) for 2 teaching hospitals of dogs treated that had pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy were reviewed. Pre-, intra-, and postoperative data were obtained from the medical record.

RESULTS

Of the 24 dogs, 75% survived 14 days, but 10 (41%) died by 3 months. Overall median survival time (MST) was 578 days. On log-rank univariate analysis, preoperative weight loss (P=.001) and malignant neoplasia (P=.01) were associated with decreased survival time. Dogs with malignant neoplasia had a MST of 33 days. Common postoperative morbidity included hypoalbuminemia (62.5%) and anemia (58.3%).

CONCLUSIONS

Pylorectomy with gastroduodenostomy has a good short-term outcome but long-term survival time is poor in dogs with malignant neoplasia.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Overall, most dogs treated with pylorectomy and gastroduodenostomy survived the postoperative period; however, preoperative weight loss and malignant neoplasia were associated with decreased survival time. Because dogs with malignant neoplasia have markedly shortened survival times, pertinent preoperative, diagnostics steps should be exhausted to identify underlying neoplasia.