The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.
Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2010 Apr;20(2):127-33. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2010.02.002. Epub 2010 Mar 6.
Transcription in the eukaryotic nucleus has long been thought of as conforming to a model in which RNA polymerase complexes are recruited to and track along isolated templates. However, a more dynamic role for chromatin in transcriptional regulation is materializing: enhancer elements interact with promoters forming loops that often bridge considerable distances and genomic loci, even located on different chromosomes, undergo chromosomal associations. These associations amass to form an extensive 'transcriptional interactome', enacted at functional subnuclear compartments, to which genes dynamically relocate. The emerging view is that long-range chromosomal associations between genomic regions, and their repositioning in the three-dimensional space of the nucleus, are key contributors to the regulation of gene expression.
真核细胞核中的转录，长期以来一直被认为符合一种模型，即 RNA 聚合酶复合物被招募并沿着分离的模板追踪。然而，染色质在转录调控中的更具动态的作用正在显现：增强子元件与启动子相互作用形成环，这些环经常跨越相当大的距离和基因组位置，甚至位于不同染色体上的基因座也发生染色体关联。这些关联聚集在一起形成一个广泛的“转录相互作用组”，在功能亚核区室中发挥作用，基因可以在这些亚核区室中动态重新定位。新兴的观点是，基因组区域之间的长距离染色体关联，以及它们在细胞核三维空间中的重新定位，是基因表达调控的关键因素。
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