Danielian Jack
American Institute for Psychoanalysis of the Karen Horney Psychoanalytic Center, USA.
Am J Psychoanal. 2010 Mar;70(1):10-22. doi: 10.1057/ajp.2009.30.
Horney was the first psychoanalyst to develop a comprehensive framework for understanding character structure and character pathology, and the first to do so in experience-near terms. She uncovered the often hidden metapsychological assumptions of classical analysis and created a deeper meta-level thinking about psychological splits, including how splits can develop between assumed opposites. In the clinical moment, insight into meta-level process rests on an epistemological change in the relation between subjective and objective. Horney was an early pioneer in examining the dialectical unity of these presumed opposites. A specific proposal for training and teaching candidates in the science of subjectivity will be advanced. Systemic clinical insights in the assessment and treatment of patients are offered, as well as systemic uncovering of cultural assumptions of Western society which can impede analytic exploration of psychic conflict.
霍妮是首位构建起理解性格结构和性格病理学综合框架的精神分析学家，也是首位从贴近经验的角度做到这一点的人。她揭示了经典分析中常常隐藏的元心理学假设，并对心理分裂创造了更深层次的元层面思考，包括分裂如何在假定的对立面之间发展。在临床情境中，对元层面过程的洞察取决于主客观关系中的认识论转变。霍妮是研究这些假定对立面辩证统一的早期先驱。将提出一项关于主观性科学中培训和教导候选人的具体提议。提供了对患者评估和治疗的系统性临床见解，以及对西方社会文化假设的系统性揭示，这些假设可能会阻碍对心理冲突的分析探索。
