Clevert D-A, Horng A, Staehler M, Haseke N, Stief C, Reiser M
Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum der Universität LMU München - Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 München.
Urologe A. 2010 Mar;49(3):421-31; quiz 432. doi: 10.1007/s00120-009-2220-0.
Cystic renal lesions can be classified as either simple or complicated cysts, which might occur as solitary as well as multifocal lesions. The Bosniak classification (I-IV), which characterizes renal cysts on the basis of ultrasound or computer tomographic criteria, is very useful for further decision-making about the therapeutic approach. The method of choice for diagnosis of renal cysts is ultrasound. Besides the conventional B-mode ultrasound, contrast enhanced ultrasound with SonoVue provides a promising new technique for distinguishing cysts according to the Bosniak classification. This review describes cystic renal lesions with emphasis on the etiology and significance of these pathologies in a methodological comparison of conventional B-mode, contrast enhanced ultrasound and computer tomography.
肾囊性病变可分为单纯性囊肿和复杂性囊肿,可表现为孤立性病变或多灶性病变。基于超声或计算机断层扫描标准对肾囊肿进行特征描述的博斯尼亚克分类(I-IV级),对进一步决定治疗方法非常有用。诊断肾囊肿的首选方法是超声。除了传统的B型超声外,使用声诺维的超声造影为根据博斯尼亚克分类区分囊肿提供了一种有前景的新技术。本综述描述了肾囊性病变,重点介绍了这些病变的病因及意义,并对传统B型超声、超声造影和计算机断层扫描进行了方法学比较。