Horng A, Reiser M, Clevert D-A
Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Campus Grosshadern, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München, Deutschland.
Radiologe. 2009 Nov;49(11):998-1004. doi: 10.1007/s00117-009-1874-3.
Ultrasound plays a central role in the diagnostic imaging of venous and arterial vessels, especially for the assessment or exclusion of arteriosclerotic vessel obstructions as well as venous or arterial thrombosis. Due to its excellent patient acceptance and its broad availability, ultrasound is considered the standard method of choice for vascular imaging. New techniques and methods have greatly enhanced its diagnostic accuracy, the most notable of which are the B-flow technique, a variant of Doppler signal read-out for reduction of artifacts in duplex sonography, as well as other techniques, such as tissue harmonic imaging, the cross-beam technique and the speckle-reduction technique, which employ different echo processing methods for contrast improvement and enhanced delineation of body structures adjacent to the vessels. The introduction of contrast enhanced ultrasound represents an important advancement and has brought a substantial improvement in sensitivity. This article describes and discusses these new techniques and methods of vascular ultrasound diagnostics with respect to their diagnostic value.
超声在静脉和动脉血管的诊断成像中发挥着核心作用，特别是在评估或排除动脉硬化性血管阻塞以及静脉或动脉血栓形成方面。由于其对患者的良好耐受性和广泛的可及性，超声被认为是血管成像的标准首选方法。新技术和方法极大地提高了其诊断准确性，其中最显著的是B-flow技术，这是一种用于减少双功超声伪像的多普勒信号读出变体，以及其他技术，如组织谐波成像、横梁技术和斑点减少技术，这些技术采用不同的回波处理方法来改善对比度并增强对血管相邻身体结构的描绘。超声造影的引入是一项重要进展，并在敏感性方面带来了实质性提高。本文描述并讨论了这些血管超声诊断的新技术和方法及其诊断价值。
