Gorlick Richard
The Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, 3415 Bainbridge Avenue, Rosenthal 3rd floor, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.
Cancer Treat Res. 2009;152:467-78. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-0284-9_27.
Despite the knowledge of many of the genetic alterations present in osteosarcoma, its complexity precludes placing its biology into a simple conceptual framework. In contrast to many other malignancies, multiple genetic and environmental factors can all lead to the development of osteosarcoma which is defined phenotypically rather than molecularly. Despite the many factors capable of leading to its development, osteosarcoma is a rare malignancy that is relatively homogeneous in its clinical behavior and chemotherapy response. It remains unknown whether the clinical features of osteosarcoma are defined by the cell of origin, the genetic events leading to transformation, the timing of those events or factors related to differentiation into an osteoblastic phenotype. Identifying new treatment approaches has generally been through empiric and screening approaches. In this presentation the genetic alterations present in osteosarcoma, issues related to the cell of origin and bone differentiation will be reviewed along with the recent results of preclinical drug screening.
尽管人们对骨肉瘤中存在的许多基因改变有所了解，但其复杂性使得无法将其生物学特性纳入一个简单的概念框架。与许多其他恶性肿瘤不同，多种基因和环境因素都可导致骨肉瘤的发生，骨肉瘤是根据表型而非分子特征来定义的。尽管有许多因素可导致骨肉瘤的发生，但它是一种罕见的恶性肿瘤，其临床行为和化疗反应相对一致。骨肉瘤的临床特征是由起源细胞、导致细胞转化的基因事件、这些事件的发生时间还是与分化为成骨细胞表型相关的因素所决定，目前尚不清楚。确定新的治疗方法通常是通过经验性和筛选性方法。在本报告中，将回顾骨肉瘤中存在的基因改变、与起源细胞和骨分化相关的问题以及临床前药物筛选的最新结果。
