纵向研究完美主义与睡眠障碍。

Longitudinal study on perfectionism and sleep disturbance.

机构信息

Institute of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

出版信息

World J Biol Psychiatry. 2010 Mar;11(2 Pt 2):476-85. doi: 10.3109/15622970903304467.

DOI:10.3109/15622970903304467

PMID:20218803

Abstract

AIM

To examine if perfectionism predicts self-reported sleep disturbances over time.

METHODS

The Hewitt-Flett Perfectionism Scale was used to assess self-oriented, socially-prescribed (SPP) and other-oriented perfectionism. Sleep disturbance was evaluated with two items: difficulty in falling asleep and waking up many times during the night. Out of 870 students who participated at baseline, 592 and 305 completed the same measures 1 year (T1) and 2 years later (T2), respectively.

RESULTS

Subjects who reported insomnia at baseline, T1 and T2 (persistent insomnia) had significantly higher scores of baseline SPP (T1 M = 51.5, SD = 15.8; T2 M = 55.0, SD = 19.0) than subjects reporting, in all stages of the study, never/rarely having had sleep problems (T1 M = 41.9, SD = 11.4; T2 M = 42.2, SD = 12.3, P<0.001 in both cases). Regression analyses showed that baseline SPP was the only significant positive predictor of difficulties in falling asleep at T1 and T2 (T1 partial R=0.187; T2 partial R=0.196, P<0.001) and of difficulties maintaining sleep (T1 partial R=0.116; T2 partial R=0.244, P<0.001).

CONCLUSION

SPP was found to be the most reliable predictor of sleep disturbances over time, which constitutes a new important finding.

摘要

目的

考察完美主义是否可以预测随时间推移而出现的自我报告的睡眠障碍。

方法

采用休伊特-弗莱特完美主义量表评估自我导向、社会规定（SPP）和他人导向完美主义。使用两个项目评估睡眠障碍：入睡困难和夜间多次醒来。在参加基线研究的 870 名学生中，592 名和 305 名分别在 1 年（T1）和 2 年后（T2）完成了相同的测量。

结果

在基线、T1 和 T2 报告失眠（持续性失眠）的受试者的 SPP 基线得分明显更高（T1 M = 51.5，SD = 15.8；T2 M = 55.0，SD = 19.0），比在研究的所有阶段均报告从未/很少有睡眠问题的受试者更高（T1 M = 41.9，SD = 11.4；T2 M = 42.2，SD = 12.3，P<0.001）。回归分析表明，SPP 是 T1 和 T2 入睡困难（T1 部分 R=0.187；T2 部分 R=0.196，P<0.001）和维持睡眠困难（T1 部分 R=0.116；T2 部分 R=0.244，P<0.001）的唯一显著正向预测因子。