Brown A
Focus Crit Care. 1991 Apr;18(2):121-2, 124, 126 passim.
Acute pancreatitis affects one per 10,000 people annually. Among the alcoholic population this number rises to one per 100. Etiologic factors are numerous, but the main causative agents are biliary tract disease and excessive alcohol intake. The exact mechanism of injury is unknown, but is believed to be either bile reflux into the pancreatic duct or stricture of the sphincter of Oddi. Through either of these pathways the pancreatic enzymes, normally inactive within the gland, are activated and begin digesting pancreatic tissue. Using the knowledge of major collaborative problems, nursing diagnoses, pathophysiology, appropriate assessment parameters, and nursing interventions discussed above, the nurse can develop an effective plan of care for managing the patient with acute pancreatitis.
急性胰腺炎的年发病率为万分之一。在酗酒人群中，这一数字升至百分之一。病因众多，但主要致病因素是胆道疾病和过量饮酒。损伤的确切机制尚不清楚，但据信要么是胆汁反流至胰管，要么是Oddi括约肌狭窄。通过这两种途径中的任何一种，通常在腺体内无活性的胰酶被激活，并开始消化胰腺组织。运用上述关于主要合作性问题、护理诊断、病理生理学、适当的评估参数和护理干预措施的知识，护士可以制定出一个有效的护理计划，用于管理急性胰腺炎患者。
