Laboratory of Clinical Psychopharmacology of Addictions, Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, St Petersburg State Pavlov Medical University, St Petersburg, Russia.
Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2010 May;23(3):210-4. doi: 10.1097/YCO.0b013e3283386578.
The major problem with the oral formulation of naltrexone for heroin dependence is poor compliance (adherence). Long-acting sustained release formulations of naltrexone (implantable and injectable) might help to improve compliance and, thus, increase the efficacy of abstinence-oriented treatment of heroin dependence with naltrexone.
There have been several implantable and injectable formulations of naltrexone developed within the last decade. It was demonstrated that some of them are effective and relatively well tolerated medications for relapse prevention in heroin addicts. However, advantages and disadvantages of these new medications have never been systematically analyzed.
Long-acting sustained release formulations of naltrexone are well tolerated and more effective for relapse prevention in heroin addicts than the oral ones.
纳曲酮口服制剂治疗海洛因依赖的主要问题是顺应性（依从性）差。纳曲酮的长效缓释制剂（植入剂和注射剂）可能有助于提高顺应性，从而提高纳曲酮对海洛因依赖的以戒除为导向的治疗效果。
在过去十年中，已经开发出几种纳曲酮的植入剂和注射剂。研究表明，其中一些药物对于预防海洛因成瘾者的复吸是有效且相对耐受良好的药物。然而，这些新药物的优缺点从未被系统地分析过。
长效缓释纳曲酮制剂在预防海洛因成瘾者复吸方面比口服制剂更耐受、更有效。
