University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2010 Aug;24(4):467-77. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2010.02.003. Epub 2010 Mar 15.
Unsafe abortion is prevalent in many developing countries, mostly in sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and South and Southeast Asia, where abortion laws are more restrictive, the unmet need for contraception high and the status of women in society low. The main interventions for reducing the prevalence of unsafe abortion are known: better and more widely available family planning services, comprehensive sex education, improved access to safe abortion and high-quality post-abortion care, including contraceptive counselling and on-site services. Although these proposals have been included in statements and recommendations drawn up at several international conferences and adopted by the vast majority of nations, they have either been inadequately implemented or not implemented at all in the countries in which the need is greatest. A well-coordinated effort by both national and international organisations and agencies is required to put these recommendations into practice; however, the most important factor determining the success of such efforts is the commitment of governments towards preventing unsafe abortion and reducing its prevalence and consequences.
不安全堕胎在许多发展中国家很普遍，主要集中在撒哈拉以南非洲、拉丁美洲以及南亚和东南亚，这些地区的堕胎法更为严格，避孕需求得不到满足，妇女社会地位低下。降低不安全堕胎发生率的主要干预措施是：提供更好和更广泛的计划生育服务、全面的性教育、改善安全堕胎的获取途径和高质量的堕胎后护理，包括避孕咨询和现场服务。尽管这些建议已被纳入在几次国际会议上制定的声明和建议中，并被绝大多数国家通过，但在最需要的国家，这些建议要么没有得到充分执行，要么根本没有执行。需要国家和国际组织和机构的协调努力，将这些建议付诸实践；然而，决定这些努力成功与否的最重要因素是政府对预防不安全堕胎以及降低其发生率和后果的承诺。
