Hoeschen C, Mattsson S, Cantone M C, Mikuz M, Lacasta C, Ebel G, Clinthorne N, Giussani A
Institute of Radiation Protection, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2010 Apr-May;139(1-3):250-3. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncq104. Epub 2010 Mar 11.
Owing to the introduction of new diagnostic procedures, such as computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), the individual dose caused by medical exposures has grown rapidly in the last years. This is especially a subject to radiation protection for nuclear medical diagnosis, since in this case radiopharmaceuticals are administered to the patient, meaning not only a radiation exposure to the diseased tissue but also to the healthy tissues of large parts of the body. 'Minimizing Activity and Dose with Enhanced Image quality by Radiopharmaceutical Administrations' (MADEIRA) is a project cofunded by the European Commission within the Seventh Euratom Framework Programme that aims to improve three-dimensional (3D) nuclear medical imaging technologies significantly. MADEIRA is aiming to improve the efficacy and safety of 3D PET and SPECT functional imaging by optimising the spatial resolution and the signal-to-noise ratio, improving the knowledge of the temporal variation of the radiopharmaceuticals' uptake in and clearance from tumourous and healthy tissues, and evaluation of the corresponding patient dose. Using an optimised imaging procedure that improves the information gained per unit administered dose, MADEIRA aims especially to reduce the dose to healthy tissues of the patient. In this paper, an overall summary of the current achievements will be presented.
由于引入了新的诊断程序，如计算机断层扫描（CT）、正电子发射断层扫描（PET）和单光子发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT），在过去几年中，医疗照射引起的个人剂量迅速增加。这尤其成为核医学诊断辐射防护的一个课题，因为在这种情况下，放射性药物被施用于患者，这不仅意味着患病组织会受到辐射照射，而且身体大部分健康组织也会受到辐射照射。“通过放射性药物给药以提高图像质量来最小化活度和剂量”（MADEIRA）是一个由欧盟委员会在第七个欧洲原子能框架计划内共同资助的项目，旨在显著改进三维（3D）核医学成像技术。MADEIRA旨在通过优化空间分辨率和信噪比、增进对放射性药物在肿瘤组织和健康组织中的摄取及清除的时间变化的了解以及评估相应的患者剂量，来提高3D PET和SPECT功能成像的有效性和安全性。通过使用一种优化的成像程序来提高每单位给药剂量所获得的信息，MADEIRA尤其旨在减少对患者健康组织的剂量。本文将对当前的成果进行全面总结。
