Feng Yun, Li Wen-ting, Wang Nai-li, Tang Ping-zhang, Xu Zhen-gang, Zhang Bin
Laboratory of Morphology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, CAMS and PUMC, Beijing 100005, China.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 2010 Feb;32(1):81-4. doi: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.2010.01.019.
To study the anatomy of the anterolateral thigh perforators flap and explore its clinical application in the reconstruction of head and neck defects.
Five adult fresh cadavers were prepared, and morphosis and blood supply of anterolateral thigh flap perforators were examined by microsurgery anatomy. During dissections, the following parameters were recorded: number and type of perforators vessels, diameter of perforators, pedicle length, diameter of the original vessels, route (infra fascia and supra fascia); its position were located by anatomical landmark.
There were an average of (4.4 +/- 1.8) anterolateral thigh perforators flaps (ALTP flap) in each specimen with 68.2% musculocutaneous perforator and 31.8% septocutaneous perforator. The mean pedicle length of the largest perforator was (10.86 +/- 1.18) cm (8.29-14.44) cm, and its location was constantly concentrated in the superolateral region of the midpoint of the line linking the anterosuperior iliac spine and superolateral border of the patella. The distance between surface location of the largest perforator and the midpoint was (3.25 +/- 0.69) cm. Original vessel was mostly descend branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery/vein with average diameter of (3.16 +/- 0.59) / (3.08 +/- 0.02) mm.
ALTP flap has constant position, large caliber, and long pedicle and therefore is useful for operation and option in reconstruction of head neck defects.
研究股前外侧穿支皮瓣的解剖结构，探讨其在头颈部缺损修复中的临床应用。
制备5具成人新鲜尸体标本，采用显微外科解剖方法观察股前外侧皮瓣穿支的形态及血供情况。解剖过程中记录以下参数：穿支血管的数量和类型、穿支直径、蒂长、原血管直径、走行途径（深筋膜下和深筋膜上）；通过解剖标志确定其位置。
每个标本平均有（4.4±1.8）个股前外侧穿支皮瓣，其中肌皮穿支占68.2%，筋膜皮穿支占31.8%。最大穿支的平均蒂长为（10.86±1.18）cm（8.29 - 14.44）cm，其位置常集中于髂前上棘与髌骨外侧缘连线中点的外上区域。最大穿支表面位置与中点的距离为（3.25±0.69）cm。原血管多为旋股外侧动/静脉降支，平均直径为（3.16±0.59）/（3.08±0.02）mm。
股前外侧穿支皮瓣位置恒定,管径较粗,蒂长,可作为头颈部缺损修复的术式选择。
