Research Unit for Clinical and Social Psychiatry, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Zurich, Militärstrasse 8/PO Box 1930, 8021 CH-Zurich, Switzerland.
Nicotine Tob Res. 2010 May;12(5):516-20. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntq023. Epub 2010 Mar 17.
The association between smoking and mental disorders has been confirmed by several studies using cross-sectional and retrospective designs. The present study illustrates the need for differentiating subthreshold psychiatric disorders in the analysis.
The analysis is based on cumulative ("lifetime") prevalences of mental disorders and smoking in the Zurich study. This is a longitudinal community study with a stratified sample of 591 participants and six interviews from 1979 to 1999.
The percentage of lifetime smokers in the Zurich study was higher both in persons with a lifetime psychiatric diagnosis (72%) and in persons with subthreshold disorders (60%) than in those without any diagnosis (40%).
The association between smoking and mental disorders turned out to be clearly stronger if subthreshold mental disorders were appropriately considered in the analyses. Constructing appropriate reference groups is as crucial for the analysis of mental disorders and their outcomes as constructing adequate diagnostic groups.
多项横断面研究和回顾性研究证实了吸烟与精神障碍之间的关联。本研究表明，在分析中需要区分亚临床精神障碍。
该分析基于苏黎世研究中的精神障碍和吸烟的累积（“终生”）患病率。这是一项纵向社区研究，采用分层样本，共有 591 名参与者，在 1979 年至 1999 年期间进行了六次访谈。
在苏黎世研究中，有终生精神障碍诊断的人（72%）和有亚临床障碍的人（60%）终生吸烟的比例均明显高于没有任何诊断的人（40%）。
如果在分析中适当考虑亚临床精神障碍，吸烟与精神障碍之间的关联显然更强。对于精神障碍及其结果的分析，构建适当的参照组与构建充分的诊断组同样重要。
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