蓖麻酸作为黑麦和黑麦产品中麦角杂质的标志物。

Ricinoleic acid as a marker for ergot impurities in rye and rye products.

机构信息

Institut fur Lebensmittelchemie, Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat, Munster, Munster, Germany.

出版信息

J Agric Food Chem. 2010 Apr 14;58(7):4223-9. doi: 10.1021/jf1006903.

PMID:20297816

Abstract

Ergot alkaloid and ricinoleic acid contents of 63 ergot sclerotia samples from rye throughout Germany of the harvest years 2006-2009 were determined. Alkaloid contents were analyzed by means of high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FLD) and ricinoleic acid contents by means of gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). Ergot alkaloid amounts ranged from 0.01 to 0.2 g/100 g of sclerotia with an average amount of 0.08 g/100 g. Ergotamine and ergocristine were identified as lead alkaloids representing 57% (w/w) of the total alkaloid content. The average ricinoleic acid amount in the ergot sclerotia was 10.3 g/100 g. Because of the low variation of ricinoleic acid content in the ergot sclerotia, a new method for the determination of ricinoleic acid in rye products as a marker for ergot contaminations was developed. This method allows the determination of ergot impurities as low as 0.01% (w/w). Furthermore, 29 rye products (flours, bread mix, bread) were investigated for their ricinoleic acid and ergot alkaloid contents.

摘要

测定了 2006-2009 年德国各地黑麦 63 个麦角菌菌核样本中的麦角生物碱和蓖麻酸含量。采用高效液相色谱荧光检测法（HPLC-FLD）分析生物碱含量，采用火焰离子化检测气相色谱法（GC-FID）分析蓖麻酸含量。菌核中的麦角生物碱含量范围为 0.01-0.2 g/100 g，平均含量为 0.08 g/100 g。麦角新碱和麦角克碱被鉴定为主要生物碱，占总生物碱含量的 57%（w/w）。菌核中的蓖麻酸平均含量为 10.3 g/100 g。由于菌核中蓖麻酸含量变化较小，因此开发了一种新的方法，用于测定作为麦角污染标志物的黑麦产品中的蓖麻酸含量。该方法可检测低至 0.01%（w/w）的麦角杂质。此外，还对 29 种黑麦产品（面粉、面包混合物、面包）中的蓖麻酸和麦角生物碱含量进行了研究。