University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Physical Education, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Int J Sports Med. 2010 Jun;31(6):416-20. doi: 10.1055/s-0030-1248331. Epub 2010 Mar 18.
To assess if exercise before puberty affects bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) we determined BMC and BMD in the dominant arm (DA) and non-dominant arm (NDA), lumbar spine and femoral neck in 25 tennis players (TP), 21 soccer players (SP) and 22 physically active controls (CG). All of them were under 12 years of age and prepubertal. In TP the DA was heavier than the NDA (7.5+/-0.8%), due to a greater lean mass (10.2+/-1.2%) and BMC (16.3+/-2.2%). The increased BMC is due to a greater DA bone area (11.1+/-1.9%) and BMD (4.1+/-0.7%). BMC inter-arm asymmetry was 50-75% of that previously observed in professional TP. Inter-arm asymmetry in lean mass, BMC, BMD and bone area was significantly higher in TP than in SP and CG. Lumbar spine BMC and BMD were similar across groups. TP and CG had similar femoral neck BMDs, whilst SP had higher femoral neck BMD than TP. In conclusion, tennis participation before puberty is associated with increased lean mass and bone mass, due to an enhanced bone size and areal BMD in the playing arm.
为了评估青春期前的运动是否会影响骨矿物质含量 (BMC) 和骨矿物质密度 (BMD)，我们在 25 名网球运动员 (TP)、21 名足球运动员 (SP) 和 22 名身体活跃的对照组 (CG) 中确定了优势臂 (DA) 和非优势臂 (NDA)、腰椎和股骨颈的 BMC 和 BMD。他们都在 12 岁以下，处于青春期前。在 TP 中，由于瘦体重 (10.2+/-1.2%) 和 BMC (16.3+/-2.2%) 较大，DA 比 NDA 重 (7.5+/-0.8%)。增加的 BMC 是由于 DA 骨面积 (11.1+/-1.9%) 和 BMD (4.1+/-0.7%) 更大。手臂间 BMC 的不对称性为之前观察到的专业 TP 的 50-75%。TP 中手臂间的瘦体重、BMC、BMD 和骨面积不对称性明显高于 SP 和 CG。腰椎 BMC 和 BMD 在各组之间相似。TP 和 CG 的股骨颈 BMD 相似，而 SP 的股骨颈 BMD 高于 TP。总之，青春期前参与网球运动与增加的瘦体重和骨量有关，这是由于运动手臂的骨大小和面积 BMD 增强所致。
