Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
Trends Cell Biol. 2010 May;20(5):277-86. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2010.02.003. Epub 2010 Mar 18.
Changes in cytosolic calcium concentration are crucial for a variety of cellular processes in all cells. It has long been appreciated that calcium is stored and released from intracellular calcium stores such as the endoplasmic reticulum. However, emerging evidence indicates that calcium is also dynamically regulated by a seemingly disparate collection of acidic organelles. In this paper, we review the defining features of these 'acidic calcium stores' and highlight recent progress in understanding the mechanisms of uptake and release of calcium from these stores. We also examine the nature of calcium buffering within the stores, and summarize the physiological and pathophysiological significance of these ubiquitous organelles in calcium signaling.
细胞质钙离子浓度的变化对于所有细胞的各种细胞过程都至关重要。长期以来，人们一直认为钙离子是从细胞内的钙库（如内质网）中储存和释放的。然而，新出现的证据表明，钙离子也被一系列看似不同的酸性细胞器动态调节。在本文中，我们回顾了这些“酸性钙库”的特征，并强调了最近在理解这些钙库中钙摄取和释放机制方面的进展。我们还研究了钙库内钙缓冲的性质，并总结了这些普遍存在的细胞器在钙信号转导中的生理和病理生理学意义。
