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职业性皮肤病的康复。门诊和住院治疗措施

[Rehabilitation for occupational dermatoses. Outpatient and inpatient measures].

作者信息

Schwantes H, Schliemann S, Elsner P

机构信息

Abt. f. Berufsdermatologie, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Klinik für Berufskrankheiten, Lauterbacher Str. 16, 08223 Falkenstein/Vogtland.

出版信息

Hautarzt. 2010 Apr;61(4):323-31. doi: 10.1007/s00105-009-1866-2.

Abstract

In recent years, the number of reports of suspicions of occupational diseases, received by the public statutory employer's liability insurance bodies, has remained constant. The recognition of occupational diseases under number 5101 BKV, however, has decreased considerably. This is more than likely due to improved prevention management concepts by the public statutory employer's liability insurance bodies. Nevertheless there are still severe occupational skin diseases that are resistant to or relapse under therapy, thus threatening discontinuation of the occupation. For these cases, an interdisciplinary inpatient treatment as a tertiary individual prevention measure was introduced. This consists of a three-week inpatient period followed by a three-week outpatient sick leave for further stabilization of the skin condition. During the inpatient stay intensive dermatological diagnosis and treatment are accompanied by in-depth health education seminars and psychological interventions. The selection of individually suitable skin protection measures and their practical trial in a workplace simulation model with an ergotherapist are of particular importance. Evaluations of this program showed that two-thirds of the participants with the defined risk of having to give up their occupation were able to continue with their occupation on a long-term basis.

摘要

近年来,公共法定雇主责任保险机构收到的疑似职业病报告数量一直保持稳定。然而,根据《德国社会法典》第五编第101条认定的职业病数量却大幅下降。这很可能是由于公共法定雇主责任保险机构改进了预防管理理念。尽管如此,仍有一些严重的职业性皮肤病对治疗有抗药性或会复发,从而威胁到职业中断。针对这些情况,引入了跨学科住院治疗作为三级个体预防措施。这包括为期三周的住院期,随后是为期三周的门诊病假,以进一步稳定皮肤状况。在住院期间,密集的皮肤科诊断和治疗伴随着深入的健康教育研讨会和心理干预。选择适合个人的皮肤保护措施并在职业治疗师参与的工作场所模拟模型中进行实际试验尤为重要。对该项目的评估表明,三分之二有确定的不得不放弃职业风险的参与者能够长期继续从事他们的职业。

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