Area de Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Orgánica y Bioquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), Avenida Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
Neurochem Res. 2010 Jul;35(7):1050-63. doi: 10.1007/s11064-010-0154-y. Epub 2010 Mar 23.
Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter implicated in learning and memory processes, but at high concentrations it acts as an excitotoxin causing degeneration and neuronal death. The aim of this work was to determine the excitotoxic effect of glutamate and the regulation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) during excitotoxicity in neurons and C6 glioma cells. Results show that glutamate causes excitotoxic damage only in cortical neurons. Loss of cell viability in neurons was glutamate concentration- and time-dependent. Total mGluR levels were significantly reduced in these cells when exposed to glutamate. However, in C6 cells, which have been used as a model of glial cells, these receptors were regulated in a biphasic manner, decreased after 6 h, and increased after 24/48 h of treatment. Results show a cell dependent mGluR regulation by glutamate exposure which could mediate the vulnerability or not to glutamate mediated excitotoxicity.
谷氨酸是一种兴奋性神经递质，参与学习和记忆过程，但在高浓度时，它作为一种兴奋性毒素，导致神经元变性和死亡。本研究旨在确定谷氨酸的兴奋性毒性作用以及代谢型谷氨酸受体（mGluR）在神经元和 C6 神经胶质瘤细胞中的兴奋性毒性调节作用。结果表明，谷氨酸仅在皮质神经元中引起兴奋性毒性损伤。神经元的细胞活力丧失与谷氨酸浓度和时间呈依赖性。当暴露于谷氨酸时，这些细胞中的总 mGluR 水平显著降低。然而，在 C6 细胞（已被用作神经胶质细胞模型）中，这些受体以双相方式调节，在 6 小时后降低，在 24/48 小时处理后增加。结果表明，谷氨酸暴露导致的 mGluR 调节具有细胞依赖性，这可能介导对谷氨酸介导的兴奋性毒性的易感性或抗性。
