Singh Y N, Marshall I G, Harvey A L
Br J Anaesth. 1978 Feb;50(2):109-17. doi: 10.1093/bja/50.2.109.
The effects of the new aminoglycoside antibiotic amikacin on neurohumoral transmission were tested in the anaesthetized cat, and in mouse, rat and chick isolated nerve-muscle preparations. Amikacin had blocking actions on both autonomic and neuromuscular transmission. The autonomic effects were caused mainly by ganglion blockade and were reversed by calcium. The amikacin-induced neuromuscular blockade reculted from a decreased release of acetylcholine and a reduced postjunctional sensitivity. Intracellular recording from end-plates in the rat diaphragm demonstrated that amikacin had magnesium-like effects on acetylcholine release. The blockade was reversed completely by calcium, 4-aminopyridine and 3,4-diaminopyridine and partially by neostigmine. The neuromuscular effects of amikacin in vivo were augmented greatly after pretreatment with tubocurarine. It is concluded that care should be exercised if amikacin is administered during surgery in conjunction with tubocurarine.
在麻醉猫以及小鼠、大鼠和鸡的离体神经 - 肌肉标本上测试了新型氨基糖苷类抗生素阿米卡星对神经体液传递的影响。阿米卡星对自主神经和神经肌肉传递均有阻断作用。自主神经效应主要由神经节阻断引起，可被钙逆转。阿米卡星诱导的神经肌肉阻断是由于乙酰胆碱释放减少和接头后敏感性降低所致。对大鼠膈肌终板进行细胞内记录表明，阿米卡星对乙酰胆碱释放有类似镁的作用。该阻断可被钙、4 - 氨基吡啶和3,4 - 二氨基吡啶完全逆转，被新斯的明部分逆转。用筒箭毒碱预处理后，阿米卡星在体内的神经肌肉效应大大增强。得出的结论是，如果在手术期间将阿米卡星与筒箭毒碱联合使用，应谨慎行事。
