Universite d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse, UMR 406 Abeilles et Environnement, Site AGROPARC, F-84914, Avignon Cede 09, France.
Environ Pollut. 2010 Jun;158(6):2266-72. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2010.02.009. Epub 2010 Mar 23.
Assessment of wildlife exposure to organophosphorus (OP) pesticides generally involves the measurement of cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition, and complementary biomarkers (or related endpoints) are rarely included. Herein, we investigated the time course inhibition and recovery of ChE and carboxylesterase (CE) activities in the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris exposed to chlorpyrifos, and the ability of oximes to reactivate the phosphorylated ChE activity. Results indicated that these esterase activities are a suitable multibiomarker scheme for monitoring OP exposure due to their high sensitivity to OP inhibition and slow recovery to full activity levels following pesticide exposure. Moreover, oximes reactivated the inhibited ChE activity of the earthworms exposed to 12 and 48 mg kg(-1) chlorpyrifos during the first week following pesticide exposure. This methodology is useful for providing evidence for OP-mediated ChE inhibition in individuals with a short history of OP exposure (< or = 1 week); resulting a valuable approach for assessing multiple OP exposure episodes in the field.
评估野生动物接触有机磷（OP）农药通常涉及胆碱酯酶（ChE）抑制的测量，很少包括互补生物标志物（或相关终点）。在此，我们研究了接触毒死蜱后蚯蚓 Lumbricus terrestris 中 ChE 和羧酸酯酶（CE）活性的时间抑制和恢复，以及肟类化合物重新激活磷酸化 ChE 活性的能力。结果表明，由于这些酯酶活性对 OP 抑制具有高度敏感性，并且在接触农药后完全恢复活性水平的速度较慢，因此它们是监测 OP 暴露的合适的多生物标志物方案。此外，肟类化合物在接触 12 和 48 mg kg(-1) 毒死蜱的蚯蚓在接触农药后的第一周内重新激活了抑制的 ChE 活性。该方法可用于为接触有机磷时间较短（<= 1 周）的个体中有机磷介导的 ChE 抑制提供证据；这是在野外评估多个 OP 暴露事件的有价值的方法。
