Oslo Sports Trauma Research Center, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Ullevål Stadion, Oslo, Norway.
Am J Sports Med. 2010 Jun;38(6):1147-53. doi: 10.1177/0363546509358381. Epub 2010 Mar 24.
Strain injuries of the posterior thigh are common in soccer. It seems that previous injury and age are important risk factors, but the literature is limited. This study was conducted to see if we could identify intrinsic risk factors for hamstring injuries among male soccer players.
We hypothesized that previous hamstring injuries, reduced function scores, abnormalities on a clinical examination, high maximum sprint speed, poor hamstring strength, or low hamstring/quadriceps ratio can predict increased risk of new hamstring injuries.
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.
A total of 508 players representing 31 amateur teams were tested during the 2004 preseason for potential risk factors for hamstring injury through a questionnaire on previous injury and function score (Hamstring Outcome Score [HaOS]), a clinical examination of the hamstring, and specific hamstring relevant tests. Generalized estimating equations were used in univariate analyses to identify candidate risk factors, and factors with a P value of <.10 were then examined in a multivariate model.
During the soccer season, 76 hamstring injuries, affecting 65 legs (61 players), were registered. Univariate analyses revealed previous acute hamstring injury (yes/no) (odds ratio [OR], 2.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.54-4.45), HaOS function score with all subscores except "Soreness" (OR for a 10-point difference in total score, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.08-1.54), age (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.96-1.63), and player position (P = .09) as candidate predictors of high injury risk. In a multivariate analysis, the most important risk factor for injuries to the hamstring was previous acute hamstring injury (yes/no) (adjusted OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.19-4.03; P = .01).
In a multivariate analysis, previous acute hamstring injury was found to be a significant risk factor for new hamstring injuries. Previously injured players have more than twice as high a risk of sustaining a new hamstring injury.
大腿后侧的拉伤在足球运动中很常见。似乎既往损伤和年龄是重要的危险因素，但相关文献有限。本研究旨在观察我们是否能识别男性足球运动员腘绳肌损伤的内在危险因素。
我们假设既往腘绳肌损伤、功能评分降低、临床检查异常、最大冲刺速度高、腘绳肌力量差或腘绳肌/股四头肌比例低可能会增加新的腘绳肌损伤的风险。
队列研究；证据水平，2 级。
在 2004 年的季前赛期间，共有 508 名代表 31 支业余球队的球员接受了问卷调查，以了解既往损伤和功能评分（腘绳肌结局评分[HaOS]）、腘绳肌临床检查以及特定的腘绳肌相关测试等潜在的腘绳肌损伤危险因素。使用广义估计方程进行单变量分析，以确定候选危险因素，然后在多变量模型中检查 P 值<.10 的因素。
在整个足球赛季中，共记录了 76 例、65 条腿（61 名运动员）的腘绳肌损伤。单变量分析显示，既往急性腘绳肌损伤（是/否）（比值比[OR]，2.62；95%置信区间[CI]，1.54-4.45）、HaOS 功能评分除“酸痛”（总分相差 10 分的 OR，1.29；95%CI，1.08-1.54）外的所有子评分、年龄（OR，1.25；95%CI，0.96-1.63）和球员位置（P =.09）均为高损伤风险的候选预测因素。在多变量分析中，既往急性腘绳肌损伤（是/否）（调整 OR，2.19；95%CI，1.19-4.03；P =.01）是新发腘绳肌损伤的最重要危险因素。
在多变量分析中，既往急性腘绳肌损伤是新发腘绳肌损伤的显著危险因素。既往受伤的运动员发生新的腘绳肌损伤的风险高出两倍多。
