Nishizawa Daisuke, Hayashida Masakazu, Nagashima Makoto, Koga Hisashi, Ikeda Kazutaka
Division of Psychobiology, Tokyo Institute of Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan.
Methods Mol Biol. 2010;617:395-420. doi: 10.1007/978-1-60327-323-7_29.
Opioid analgesics are commonly used for the treatment of acute as well as chronic, moderate to severe pain. Well-known, however, is the wide interindividual variability in sensitivity to opioids that exists, which has often been a critical problem in pain treatment. To date, only a limited number of studies have addressed the relationship between human genetic variations and sensitivity to opioids, and such studies are still in their early stages. Therefore, revealing the relationship between genetic variations in many candidate genes and individual differences in sensitivity to opioids will provide valuable information for appropriate individualization of opioid doses required for adequate pain control. Although the methodologies for such association studies can be diverse, here we summarize protocols for investigating the association between genetic polymorphisms and sensitivity to opioids in human volunteers and patients undergoing painful surgery.
阿片类镇痛药常用于治疗急性以及慢性的中度至重度疼痛。然而，众所周知的是，个体对阿片类药物的敏感性存在广泛的个体间差异，这在疼痛治疗中常常是一个关键问题。迄今为止，仅有有限数量的研究探讨了人类基因变异与阿片类药物敏感性之间的关系，并且此类研究仍处于早期阶段。因此，揭示许多候选基因中的基因变异与阿片类药物敏感性个体差异之间的关系，将为实现充分疼痛控制所需的阿片类药物剂量的适当个体化提供有价值的信息。尽管此类关联研究的方法可能多种多样，但在此我们总结了在人类志愿者和接受疼痛手术的患者中研究基因多态性与阿片类药物敏感性之间关联的方案。
