Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Department of Chest Diseases, Ankara, Turkey.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2010 Jun;21(4 Pt 2):e711-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3038.2010.01008.x. Epub 2010 Mar 19.
To assess change in prevalence and risk factors of asthma and allergic diseases among primary school children in rural and urban parts of Edirne, Turkey, a series of cross-sectional studies were conducted in 1994 and 2004. A questionnaire was administered to the parents of primary school children aged 7-12, in urban and rural parts of Edirne, Turkey (5412 in 1994 and 5735 in 2004). Response rates in 1994 and 2004 were 84% and 82.5%, respectively. There were significant differences between the age distribution, urban habitation (1994: 70.1%, 2004: 75.8%, p < 0.001), passive smoking (1994: 74.7%, 2004: 60.0%, p < 0.001), and family atopy (1994: 12.7%, 2004: 18.2%, p < 0.001) between the two surveys. Current prevalence of asthma and wheeze increased in the 2004 when compared to 1994 in both rural and urban regions (current asthma for rural and urban regions, 5.2% and 5.8% in 1994; 8.6% and 12.1% in 2004, respectively). Female-to-male ratio of current asthma increased from 0.7 in 1994 to 0.9 in 2004. Comparison of the risk factors in the two surveys suggested urban habitation and factors other than family atopy, passive smoking and no breast feeding as possible contributors for the increasing asthma and wheeze. Prevalence of asthma and allergic diseases increased among school children in Edirne, Turkey from 1994 to 2004. Life style changes and urbanization could be related to this increasing trend.
为了评估土耳其埃迪尔内城乡地区小学生哮喘和过敏性疾病的流行率和危险因素变化情况，我们在 1994 年和 2004 年进行了一系列的横断面研究。我们向土耳其埃迪尔内城乡地区的 7-12 岁小学生家长发放了问卷（1994 年有 5412 名家长，2004 年有 5735 名家长）。1994 年和 2004 年的回复率分别为 84%和 82.5%。两次调查在年龄分布、城市居住（1994 年：70.1%，2004 年：75.8%，p<0.001）、被动吸烟（1994 年：74.7%，2004 年：60.0%，p<0.001）和家庭特应性（1994 年：12.7%，2004 年：18.2%，p<0.001）方面存在显著差异。与 1994 年相比，2004 年城乡地区哮喘和喘息的现患率均有所增加（农村和城市地区的当前哮喘率分别为 5.2%和 5.8%，2004 年分别为 8.6%和 12.1%）。1994 年女性与男性之比为 0.7，而 2004 年为 0.9。两次调查中危险因素的比较表明，城市居住以及与家庭特应性、被动吸烟和非母乳喂养无关的其他因素可能是哮喘和喘息增加的原因。从 1994 年到 2004 年，土耳其埃迪尔内的学龄儿童哮喘和过敏性疾病的患病率有所增加。生活方式的改变和城市化可能与这种上升趋势有关。
