LeDoux M S, Naftalis R C, Aronin P A
Division of Neurosurgery, University of Alabama, Birmingham School of Medicine.
Neurosurgery. 1991 Apr;28(4):580-3. doi: 10.1097/00006123-199104000-00016.
Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita is an inheritable bone dysplasia causing abnormalities that manifest at birth and primarily involve the spine and proximal epiphyses. The clinical findings include short-trunk dwarfism, myopia, frequent retinal detachment, shortening of the spine and proximal extremities, mild thoracic kyphoscoliosis, a barrel-shaped thorax, a short neck, and mild ocular hypertelorism. The characteristic radiographic features are a generalized delay in ossification, flattening and dysplasia of the vertebral bodies, pelvic dysplasia, and retarded ossification of the femoral head and neck. Other radiographic features of interest to the neurosurgeon may be platybasia, kyphoscoliosis, lumbar hyperlordosis, and odontoid hypoplasia. A case of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita is presented in which an unstable and markedly dysplastic cervical spine was stabilized with Halifax interlaminar clamps and sublaminar wires. The clinical findings and radiographic features are presented and the etiology and neurosurgical management of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita are discussed.
先天性脊柱骨骺发育不良是一种遗传性骨发育不良,可导致出生时即出现异常,主要累及脊柱和近端骨骺。临床表现包括短躯干侏儒症、近视、频繁视网膜脱离、脊柱和近端肢体缩短、轻度胸椎后凸侧弯、桶状胸、短颈以及轻度眼距增宽。典型的放射学特征为普遍的骨化延迟、椎体扁平及发育异常、骨盆发育异常以及股骨头和颈部骨化延迟。神经外科医生感兴趣的其他放射学特征可能包括扁平颅底、脊柱后凸侧弯、腰椎前凸过度以及齿状突发育不全。本文介绍了一例先天性脊柱骨骺发育不良病例,该病例中不稳定且明显发育异常的颈椎通过哈利法克斯椎板间夹和椎板下钢丝得以稳定。文中呈现了临床发现和放射学特征,并讨论了先天性脊柱骨骺发育不良的病因及神经外科治疗方法。