Karila L, Liot K, Reynaud M
Université Paris-Sud, 94276 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
Rev Med Liege. 2010 Feb;65(2):71-7.
Although the term workaholism is widely used, there is very little consensus about its meaning. Since the seventies, workaholism has been described as a work addiction such as drug or alcohol addiction. Similarities with other addictions include craving, withdrawal, tolerance, progressive involvement, and denial. Although considerable attention has been devoted to the concept of workaholism in recent years, little empirical research has been undertaken to further the understanding of this phenomenon. The existence of different types of workaholism has been described. Questionnaires were developed to assess this concept. This heterogeneous disease has negative health, personal, family relationships and professional consequences. Many therapeutic interventions are possible for this unknown addictive trouble. The objective of this paper is to gain a better understanding and knowledge regarding the phenomenon of workaholism. Data obtained for this review are based on a Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Google Scholar search of English- and French-language articles published between 1968 and 2009.
尽管“工作狂”一词被广泛使用，但对于其含义却几乎没有达成共识。自七十年代以来，工作狂就被描述为一种像药物或酒精成瘾一样的工作成瘾。与其他成瘾的相似之处包括渴望、戒断反应、耐受性、逐渐沉迷以及否认。尽管近年来人们对工作狂的概念给予了相当多的关注，但很少有实证研究来进一步加深对这一现象的理解。不同类型工作狂的存在已被描述。人们编制了问卷来评估这一概念。这种异质性疾病会对健康、个人、家庭关系和职业产生负面影响。对于这种未知的成瘾问题有许多治疗干预措施。本文的目的是更好地理解和认识工作狂现象。本次综述所获取的数据基于对1968年至2009年间发表的英文和法文文章进行的医学文献数据库（Medline）、荷兰医学文摘数据库（EMBASE）、心理学文摘数据库（PsycINFO）以及谷歌学术搜索。
