Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Herts AL9 7TA, United Kingdom.
Clin Dermatol. 2010 Mar 4;28(2):226-36. doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.12.012.
Dermatophytes are significant pathogens in animal health due to their zoonotic potential, the economic consequences of infection in farm animal and fur production systems, and the distressing lesions they cause in small domestic pets. Malassezia spp are normal commensal and occasional pathogens of the skin of many veterinary species. Malassezia pachydermatis is a very common cause of otitis and pruritic dermatitis in dogs but is of less importance in other veterinary species. Dermatophytosis, and Malassezia otitis and dermatitis, represent the superficial mycoses of greatest significance in companion and farm animal health. Although the dermatophytes and Malassezia spp both exist in the stratum corneum of mammalian skin, there are important differences in the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical consequences of infection. Dermatophytes are significant due to their zoonotic potential, the economic consequences of infection in farm animal and fur production systems, and the concern for owners of pets with inflammatory skin disease that is sometimes severe. Malassezia spp are normal commensals and occasional pathogens of the skin for many veterinary species, and M pachydermatis is a very common cause of otitis and pruritic dermatitis in dogs. This chapter will focus on the epidemiologic, clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of dermatophytosis and Malassezia dermatitis in veterinary species. There are generally only sporadic reports of other superficial mycoses, such as candidiasis, piedra, and Rhodotorula dermatitis in veterinary medicine, and these are not included here.
皮肤真菌是动物健康中的重要病原体，因为它们具有人畜共患的潜力、感染农场动物和毛皮生产系统的经济后果，以及在小型宠物身上引起的令人痛苦的病变。马拉色菌属是许多兽医物种皮肤的正常共生菌和偶尔的病原体。厚皮马拉色菌是犬耳炎和瘙痒性皮炎的常见原因，但在其他兽医物种中则不太重要。皮肤真菌病、马拉色菌性耳炎和皮炎是伴侣动物和农场动物健康中最重要的浅部真菌病。尽管皮肤真菌和马拉色菌属都存在于哺乳动物皮肤的角质层中，但在感染的流行病学、发病机制和临床后果方面存在重要差异。皮肤真菌具有人畜共患的潜力、感染农场动物和毛皮生产系统的经济后果，以及对患有炎症性皮肤病的宠物主人的关注，这些都是非常重要的。马拉色菌属是许多兽医物种皮肤的正常共生菌和偶尔的病原体，厚皮马拉色菌是犬耳炎和瘙痒性皮炎的常见原因。本章将重点介绍兽医物种中皮肤真菌病和马拉色菌性皮炎的流行病学、临床、诊断和治疗方面。兽医医学中一般只有关于其他浅部真菌病的零星报道，如念珠菌病、皮石和红酵母性皮炎，这里不包括这些。
