Wang Han, Gao Shu-fang, Chen Yan-hui, Wang Guo
College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2009 Dec;20(12):3034-42.
Surface soil samples were collected from a wastewater-irrigated agricultural area near a smelter in the Xinluo District of Longyan City, Pujian Province, and their basic physical and chemical properties, activities of urease, cellulase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase, polyphenol oxidase and catalase, and contents of Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn were determined, aimed to approach the effects of heavy metals pollution and soil properties on the activities of soil enzymes. Correlation analysis showed that the total and available contents of soil Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn had significant positive correlations with the activities of soil urease, cellulase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase and polyphenol oxidase, but significant negative correlation with the activity of soil catalase. Soil pH had significant positive correlation with the activity of soil alkaline phosphomonoesterase, and soil silt content had significant negative correlation with the activity of soil catalase. Path analysis showed that Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn pollution promoted the activities of soil urease, cellulase and polyphenol oxidase, but had less effects on the activity of soil alkaline phosphomonoesterase. Soil available Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn didn't directly affect the activity of soil catalase, but indirectly inhibited it significantly. Soil physical and chemical properties had greater effects on soil enzyme activities, e.g., alkaline-hydrolyzable N directly inhibited the activity of soil urease, total P directly stimulated the activities of soil alkaline phosphomonoesterase and catalase and indirectly stimulated the activity of soil cellulase via available P, available P directly promoted the activity of soil cellulase but inhibited the activities of soil alkaline phosphomonoesterase and catalase, total K directly inhibited the activities of soil alkaline phosphomonoesterase and polyphenol oxidase, available K stimulated the activity of soil catalase via available P, and particle composition had significant effects on the activities of soil polyphenol oxidase and catalase. The above results demonstrated that because of the complicated and uncertain relationships between the contents of soil Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu and the activities of the five soil enzymes, it should be cautious to use the test enzyme activities to indicate soil heavy metals pollution.
在福建省龙岩市新罗区某冶炼厂附近的污水灌溉农业区采集表层土壤样本，测定其基本理化性质、脲酶、纤维素酶、碱性磷酸单酯酶、多酚氧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性以及铜、镉、铅和锌的含量，旨在探讨重金属污染和土壤性质对土壤酶活性的影响。相关性分析表明，土壤铜、镉、铅和锌的总量及有效含量与土壤脲酶、纤维素酶、碱性磷酸单酯酶和多酚氧化酶的活性呈显著正相关，但与土壤过氧化氢酶的活性呈显著负相关。土壤pH与土壤碱性磷酸单酯酶的活性呈显著正相关，土壤粉粒含量与土壤过氧化氢酶的活性呈显著负相关。通径分析表明，铜、镉、铅和锌污染促进了土壤脲酶、纤维素酶和多酚氧化酶的活性，但对土壤碱性磷酸单酯酶的活性影响较小。土壤有效铜、镉、铅和锌并未直接影响土壤过氧化氢酶的活性，但显著间接抑制了其活性。土壤理化性质对土壤酶活性的影响较大，例如，碱解氮直接抑制土壤脲酶的活性，全磷直接刺激土壤碱性磷酸单酯酶和过氧化氢酶的活性，并通过有效磷间接刺激土壤纤维素酶的活性，有效磷直接促进土壤纤维素酶的活性，但抑制土壤碱性磷酸单酯酶和过氧化氢酶的活性，全钾直接抑制土壤碱性磷酸单酯酶和多酚氧化酶的活性，有效钾通过有效磷刺激土壤过氧化氢酶的活性，颗粒组成对土壤多酚氧化酶和过氧化氢酶的活性有显著影响。上述结果表明，由于土壤镉、铅、锌和铜含量与五种土壤酶活性之间的关系复杂且不确定，因此使用测试酶活性来指示土壤重金属污染时应谨慎。
