Sotnikov O S, Laktionova A A, Solov'eva I A, Krasnova T V
Morfologiia. 2009;136(6):28-34.
In this work,using the classical neurohistological Bielschowsky-Gros method, all the morphological phenomena were reproduced that were earlier interpreted by many authors as the signs of neuron division, budding and fission. It is suggested that these phenomena are associated with the effect of enucleation demonstrated in many cells of other tissue types exposed to different physical and chemical factors. The experiments were conducted in tissue culture, using the isolated neurons of the mollusk Lymnnaea stagnalis, in which the neural cells were treated with actin microfilament inhibitor cytochalasin B. Phase-contrast time-lapse video recording during 4-8 hours demonstrated the effects of nucleus displacement, ectopy and bulging up to almost complete fission of neuronal body. These effects reproduce the images obtained in static fixed preparations under "normal" and various experimental conditions. Sometimes, at the early experimental stages, the bulging of cytoplasm was also detected. Control experiments in which the neurons were treated with the culture medium containing cytochalasin B solvent dimethyl sulfoxide, showed no changes in neurons during 8-hour period. It is suggested that the images, interpreted earlier as neuron division or fission, could be explained by inhibition of actin microfilaments, which sometimes may develop spontaneously in cells experiencing individual metabolic changes compromising the cytoskeleton stability maintenance.
在这项研究中，运用经典的神经组织学 Bielschowsky-Gros 方法，再现了所有形态学现象，这些现象许多作者之前将其解释为神经元分裂、出芽和裂变的迹象。有人提出，这些现象与在暴露于不同物理和化学因素的其他组织类型的许多细胞中所表现出的去核效应有关。实验是在组织培养中进行的，使用的是淡水螺（Lymnnaea stagnalis）的分离神经元，其中神经细胞用肌动蛋白微丝抑制剂细胞松弛素 B 进行处理。在 4 - 8 小时期间的相差延时视频记录显示了细胞核移位、异位和肿胀直至神经元体几乎完全分裂的效应。这些效应重现了在“正常”和各种实验条件下静态固定标本中获得的图像。有时，在实验早期阶段，还检测到细胞质的肿胀。用含有细胞松弛素 B 溶剂二甲基亚砜的培养基处理神经元的对照实验表明，在 8 小时期间神经元没有变化。有人提出，之前被解释为神经元分裂或裂变的图像，可以用肌动蛋白微丝的抑制来解释，肌动蛋白微丝有时可能在经历损害细胞骨架稳定性维持的个体代谢变化的细胞中自发形成。
