Schaftenaar E, Bastiaens G J H, Simon E N M, Merkx M A W
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
East Afr Med J. 2009 Jun;86(6):254-8. doi: 10.4314/eamj.v86i6.64455.
To describe the presentation and management of maxillofacial trauma.
A retrospective study.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Patients presenting with maxillofacial trauma at the oral and maxillofacial surgery department of the MNH over a six year period (2001-2007).
Information was gathered including age, gender, length of interval between injury and presentation to the hospital, aetiology, pattern of soft tissue injury and fractures, therapy, co-morbidity, complications and number of hospitalisation days.
The 21-30-year old age group was most affected. The overall male to female ratio was 4.3:1. The major cause of maxillofacial trauma was road traffic accidents (42.3%), followed by assaults (39.1%). Over 90% of the patients sustained soft tissue injuries, with cut wounds seen most frequently (45.0%). Of the soft tissue injuries, 75% required surgical intervention. Most of the fractures were located in the mandible (52.8%). Accompanying injuries elsewhere in the body occurred in 51.5%. Complications occurred in 13.3% of the cases. The mean hospitalisation period was 4.3 days.
Road traffic accidents and assaults were the most common causes of maxillofacial trauma. Males below forty years of age were the majority of the victims.
描述颌面创伤的表现及处理方法。
一项回顾性研究。
坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆穆希姆比利国家医院口腔颌面外科。
2001年至2007年期间在穆希姆比利国家医院口腔颌面外科就诊的颌面创伤患者。
收集的信息包括年龄、性别、受伤至入院的间隔时间、病因、软组织损伤和骨折的类型、治疗方法、合并症、并发症及住院天数。
21至30岁年龄组受影响最大。男女总体比例为4.3:1。颌面创伤的主要原因是道路交通事故（42.3%），其次是袭击（39.1%）。超过90%的患者有软组织损伤，其中切割伤最为常见（45.0%）。在软组织损伤中，75%需要手术干预。大多数骨折位于下颌骨（52.8%）。身体其他部位的伴随损伤发生率为51.5%。并发症发生率为13.3%。平均住院时间为4.3天。
道路交通事故和袭击是颌面创伤最常见的原因。40岁以下男性是主要受害者。
