Zamboni-Rached Michel, Recami Erasmo, Besieris Ioannis M
Universidade Federal do ABC, Centro de Ciencias Naturais e Humanas, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2010 Apr 1;27(4):928-34. doi: 10.1364/JOSAA.27.000928.
Localized waves (LW) are nondiffracting ("soliton-like") solutions to the wave equations and are known to exist with subluminal, luminal, and superluminal peak velocities V. For mathematical and experimental reasons, those that have attracted more attention are the "X-shaped" superluminal waves. Such waves are associated with a cone, so that one may be tempted-let us confine ourselves to electromagnetism-to look [Phys. Rev. Lett.99, 244802 (2007)] for links between them and the Cherenkov radiation. However, the X-shaped waves belong to a very different realm: For instance, they can be shown to exist, independently of any media, even in vacuum, as localized non-diffracting pulses propagating rigidly with a peak-velocity V>c [Hernández et al., eds., Localized Waves (Wiley, 2008)]. We dissect the whole question on the basis of a rigorous formalism and clear physical considerations.
局域波（LW）是波动方程的非衍射（“类孤子”）解，已知其峰值速度V可以是亚光速、光速和超光速。出于数学和实验的原因，更受关注的是“X形”超光速波。这种波与一个锥相关联，因此人们可能会忍不住——让我们以电磁学为例——去寻找[《物理评论快报》99, 244802 (2007)]它们与切伦科夫辐射之间的联系。然而，X形波属于一个非常不同的领域：例如，可以证明它们甚至在真空中也能独立于任何介质而存在，作为以峰值速度V>c刚性传播的局域非衍射脉冲[埃尔南德斯等人编，《局域波》（威利出版社，2008年）]。我们基于严格的形式体系和清晰的物理考量来剖析整个问题。
