Molecular Signaling Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Alfred Medical Research and Education Precinct (AMREP), Commercial Road, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia.
Ageing Res Rev. 2010 Jul;9(3):245-56. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2010.03.002. Epub 2010 Mar 31.
Telomeres, the ends of chromosomes, undergo frequent remodeling events that are important in cell development, proliferation and differentiation, and neoplastic immortalization. It is not known how the cellular environment influences telomere remodeling, stability, and lengthening or shortening. Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex that maintains and lengthens telomeres in the majority of cancers. Recent studies indicate that a number of factors, including hormones, cytokines, ligands of nuclear receptor, vitamins and herbal extracts have significantly influence telomerase activity and, in some instances, the remodeling of telomeres. This review summarizes the advances in understanding of the positive and negative regulation by extracellular factors of telomerase activity in cancer, stem cells and other systems in mammals.
端粒是染色体的末端，它们经历频繁的重塑事件，这些事件对细胞的发育、增殖和分化以及肿瘤的永生化都很重要。目前尚不清楚细胞环境如何影响端粒的重塑、稳定性以及伸长或缩短。端粒酶是一种核糖核蛋白复合物，它在大多数癌症中维持和延长端粒。最近的研究表明，许多因素，包括激素、细胞因子、核受体配体、维生素和草药提取物，都显著影响端粒酶的活性，并在某些情况下影响端粒的重塑。这篇综述总结了对细胞外因素对端粒酶活性在癌症、干细胞和哺乳动物其他系统中的正调控和负调控的理解进展。
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