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曲洛斯坦在环境相关浓度下可导致斑马鱼不可逆的雄性化。

Trenbolone causes irreversible masculinization of zebrafish at environmentally relevant concentrations.

机构信息

Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M, Denmark.

出版信息

Aquat Toxicol. 2010 Jul 15;98(4):336-43. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2010.03.008. Epub 2010 Mar 16.

Abstract

Feminization of fish caused by certain estrogenic compounds e.g. 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) has been shown to be partly reversible. So far it has not been studied if this applies for androgenic compounds too. The androgenic steroid trenbolone acetate (TbA) is used as growth promoter in beef cattle in the United States, South America, and Australia. TbA metabolites are stable in animal waste and have been detected in surface waters associated with feedlot areas and studies on both fish and mammals have demonstrated a strong androgenic effect of those metabolites. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of the TbA metabolite 17beta-trenbolone from 0 to 60 days post-hatch (dph) and either sacrificed at 60 dph, transferred to clean water for 170 days or kept in exposure for 170 days. At 60 dph gonadal histology and vitellogenin analyses revealed all-male populations in groups exposed to 15.5 and 26.2 ng/L, and at 9.2 ng/L a skewed sex ratio towards males was observed. After the depuration period no sign of reversibility was observed. Environmentally relevant concentrations of 17beta-trenbolone cause a strong and irreversible masculinization of zebrafish and that raises concern about the effects of androgenic discharges in the aquatic environment. In addition this study also aids in understanding of the so far unknown sex determination process in zebrafish.

摘要

鱼类的雌性化是由某些雌激素化合物引起的,例如 17α-乙炔基雌二醇(EE2),已经证明这种雌性化在某些情况下是部分可逆的。到目前为止,还没有研究过雄激素化合物是否也存在这种可逆性。雄激素类固醇特伦博龙醋酸酯(TbA)在美国、南美洲和澳大利亚被用作肉牛的生长促进剂。TbA 代谢物在动物废物中稳定存在,并在与饲养场区域相关的地表水检测到,对鱼类和哺乳动物的研究表明,这些代谢物具有强烈的雄激素作用。斑马鱼(Danio rerio)在孵化后 0 至 60 天(dph)期间暴露于环境相关浓度的 TbA 代谢物 17β-特伦博龙,并在 60 dph 时进行性腺组织学和卵黄蛋白原分析,或转移到清洁水中 170 天,或继续暴露 170 天。在 15.5 和 26.2 ng/L 暴露组中,60 dph 时出现了全雄性群体,而在 9.2 ng/L 时观察到雄性性别比例偏斜。在净化期后,没有观察到可逆转的迹象。环境相关浓度的 17β-特伦博龙会强烈且不可逆地使斑马鱼雄性化,这引起了对水生环境中雄激素排放影响的关注。此外,这项研究还有助于理解斑马鱼迄今未知的性别决定过程。

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