Department of Neurology, Neurologic Intensive Care Unit, Martin-Luther University, Halle-Wittenberg, Leipzig, Germany.
Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2010 Apr;21(2):325-38. doi: 10.1016/j.nec.2009.10.012.
The prevention and management of medical complications are important for improving outcomes after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Fever, anemia requiring transfusion, hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, pneumonia, hypertension, and neurogenic cardiopulmonary dysfunction occur frequently after SAH. There is increasing evidence that acute hypoxia and extremes of blood pressure can exacerbate brain injury during the acute phase of bleeding. There are promising strategies to minimize these complications. Randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the risks and benefits of these and other medical management strategies after SAH.
预防和处理医学并发症对于改善蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）后的预后非常重要。SAH 后常发生发热、需要输血的贫血、高血糖、低钠血症、肺炎、高血压和神经源性心肺功能障碍。越来越多的证据表明，急性缺氧和血压极端变化会加重出血急性期的脑损伤。有一些很有前途的策略可以最大程度地减少这些并发症。需要进行随机对照试验来评估这些和其他 SAH 后医学管理策略的风险和获益。
