Yang Yan-Fang, Ye Yun-Li, Li Ting, Liu Xiao-Xia, Yuan Ping
Department of Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2010 Feb;44(2):134-9.
To investigate mental health status among middle school students in Wenchuan earthquake region three months after the earthquake.
38 classes of 3 middle schools in the disaster region were selected and 1966 students were invited to participate the investigation. The post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist-civilian version was used to screen positive PTSD, and the perceived social support scale (PSSS) was used to evaluate the level of perceived social support.
1958 valid questionnaires were selected. The general positive rate of PTSD was 78.29% (1533/1958). PTSD prevalence of the girls was 82.30%(851/1034), higher than that of the boys (73.92% (683/924), chi(2) = 20.22, P < 0.01); the rate of the minority students was 80.27% (1375/1713), higher than that of the Han students (64.98% (154/237), chi(2) = 28.75, P < 0.01); the rate of the rural students was 83.52% (872/1044), higher than that of the urban students (72.43% (662/914), chi(2) = 35.37, P < 0.01); the rate of those who were injured in the quake was 90.38% (94/104), higher than that of the uninjured (77.66% (1439/1853), chi(2) = 9.40, P < 0.01). The level of perceived social support and family support of the subjects was high while outside family support was average. The medians of the score were 21, 60 and 39, respectively. The severity of PTSD was negatively correlated with perceived social support, and perceived support within and outside family (r values were -0.191, -0.130 and -0.190 respectively, all P values < 0.01).
The incidence rate of PTSD is high among the middle school students in disaster region. The symptoms and severity of PTSD are different in the middle school students with different characteristics. Moreover, the more perceived social support they obtain, the better health status they keep.
调查汶川地震地区中学生地震三个月后的心理健康状况。
选取灾区3所中学的38个班级，邀请1966名学生参与调查。采用创伤后应激障碍检查表平民版筛查创伤后应激障碍阳性患者，并用领悟社会支持量表评估领悟社会支持水平。
共选取有效问卷1958份。创伤后应激障碍总体阳性率为78.29%（1533/1958）。女生创伤后应激障碍患病率为82.30%（851/1034），高于男生（73.92%（683/924），χ² = 20.22，P < 0.01）；少数民族学生患病率为80.27%（1375/1713），高于汉族学生（64.98%（154/237），χ² = 28.75，P < 0.01）；农村学生患病率为83.52%（872/1044），高于城市学生（72.43%（662/914），χ² = 35.37，P < 0.01）；地震中受伤学生患病率为90.38%（94/104），高于未受伤学生（77.66%（1439/1853），χ² = 9.40，P < 0.01）。研究对象领悟社会支持及家庭支持水平较高，而家庭外支持水平一般。得分中位数分别为21、60和39。创伤后应激障碍严重程度与领悟社会支持及家庭内外支持呈负相关（r值分别为-0.191、-0.130和-0.190，均P值 < 0.01）。
灾区中学生创伤后应激障碍发病率较高。不同特征中学生创伤后应激障碍症状及严重程度不同。此外，他们获得的领悟社会支持越多，健康状况保持越好。
